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However, the mechanism of the fast TP processing remains unclear. The magnocellular (M) pathway is well known as a fast route to convey \u201ccoarse\u201d information, compared with the slow parvocellular (P) pathway. Here, we hypothesize that the fast processing of TP occurs in a subcortical M pathway. We applied single\u2010pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary visual cortex to temporarily disrupt cortical processing. Besides, stimuli were designed to preferentially engage M or P pathways (M\u2010 or P\u2010biased conditions). We found that, when TMS disrupted cortical function at the early stages of stimulus processing, non\u2010TP shape discrimination was strongly impaired in both M\u2010 and P\u2010biased conditions, whereas TP discrimination was not affected in the M\u2010biased condition, suggesting that early M processing of TP is independent of the visual cortex, but probably occurs in a subcortical M pathway. Using an unconscious priming paradigm, we further found that early M processing of TP can accelerate object recognition by speeding up the processing of other properties, e.g., orientation. Our findings suggest that the human visual system achieves efficient object recognition by rapidly processing TP in the subcortical M pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T13:03:12Z","timestamp":1669381392000},"page":"1617-1628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A subcortical magnocellular pathway is responsible for the fast processing of topological properties of objects: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiangang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Institute of Artificial Intelligence  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Institute of Artificial Intelligence  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1387-3727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen\u2010Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science\u2010Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 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