{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T05:16:31Z","timestamp":1790226991071,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The piriform cortex (PC) is located at the junction of the temporal and frontal lobes. It is involved physiologically in olfaction as well as memory and plays an important role in epilepsy. Its study at scale is held back by the absence of automatic segmentation methods on MRI. We devised a manual segmentation protocol for PC volumes, integrated those manually derived images into the Hammers Atlas Database (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200930) and used an extensively validated method (multi\u2010atlas propagation with enhanced registration, MAPER) for automatic PC segmentation. We applied automated PC volumetry to patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009174 including <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200958 controls) and to the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort (ADNI; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009151, of whom with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200971; Alzheimer's disease (AD), <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200933; controls, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200947). In controls, mean PC volume was 485\u2009mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> on the right and 461\u2009mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> on the left. Automatic and manual segmentations overlapped with a Jaccard coefficient (intersection\/union) of ~0.5 and a mean absolute volume difference of ~22\u2009mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> in healthy controls, ~0.40\/ ~28\u2009mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> in patients with TLE, and\u2009~\u20090.34\/~29\u2009mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> in patients with AD. In patients with TLE, PC atrophy lateralised to the side of hippocampal sclerosis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u2009.001). In patients with MCI and AD, PC volumes were lower than those of controls bilaterally (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u2009.001). Overall, we have validated automatic PC volumetry in healthy controls and two types of pathology. The novel finding of early atrophy of PC at the stage of MCI possibly adds a novel biomarker. PC volumetry can now be applied at scale.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T09:38:59Z","timestamp":1681378739000},"page":"3196-3209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Automatic and manual segmentation of the piriform cortex: Method development and validation in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6952-430X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Steinbart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9 \u2010 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Freie Universit\u00e4t and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Department of Neurology, Epilepsy\u2010Center Berlin\u2010Brandenburg  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"King's College London &amp; Guy's and St Thomas\u2019 PET Centre School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, St Thomas\u2019 Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5084-1973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siti N.","family":"Yaakub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College London &amp; 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