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Persistent problems with executive modulation of auditory sensory activity may impact multiple aspects of psychosis. As a follow\u2010up to our prior work reporting deficits in attentional M100 gain modulation in auditory cortex, we examined changes in M100 gain modulation longitudinally, and further examined relationships between auditory M100 and symptoms of psychosis. We compared auditory M100 in auditory sensory cortex between 21 FEP and 29 matched healthy participants and between timepoints separated by 220\u2009\u00b1\u2009100\u2009days. Magnetoencephalography data were recorded while participants alternately attended or ignored tones in an auditory oddball task. M100 was measured as the average of 80\u2013140\u2009ms post\u2010stimulus in source\u2010localized evoked responses within bilateral auditory cortex. Symptoms were assessed using the PANSS and PSYRATS. M100 amplitudes, attentional modulation of M100 amplitudes, and symptom severity all improved in FEP over time. Further, improvement in M100 modulation correlated with improvements in negative symptoms (PANSS) as well as physical, cognitive, and emotional components of hallucinations (PSYRATS). Conversely, improvements in the overall size of the M100, rather than the difference between active and passive M100 amplitudes, were related to worsening of positive symptoms (PANSS) and physical components of hallucinations. Results indicate a link between symptoms (particularly auditory hallucinations) and auditory cortex neurophysiology in FEP, where auditory attention and auditory sensation have opposed relationships to symptom change. These findings may inform current models of psychosis etiology and could provide nonpharmaceutical avenues for early intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]],"date-time":"2023-04-18T12:34:47Z","timestamp":1681821287000},"page":"3706-3716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Recovery of auditory evoked response attentional gain modulation following the first psychotic episode indexes improvements in symptom severity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9374-5105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian A.","family":"Coffman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark T.","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4968-7643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfredo","family":"Sklar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan","family":"Seebold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8533-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dean F.","family":"Salisbury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13546800344000183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(01)00297-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Translator","author":"Bleuler, E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.03.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","article-title":"Attentional M100 gain modulation localizes to auditory sensory cortex and is deficient in first\u2010episode psychosis","author":"Curtis M. 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