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The insula may be critical for the emotional reactivity. The current study examined how ageing affects emotional reactivity using the emotional reactivity task data from a human sample (Cambridge Center for Age and Neuroscience, <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009243, age 18\u201388\u2009years). The resting\u2010state magnetic resonance measurements from the same sample were used to investigate the potential mechanisms of the insula. In the initial analysis, we conducted partial correlation assessments to examine the associations between emotional reactivity and age, as well as between the gray matter volume (GMV) of the insula and age. Our results revealed that emotional reactivity, especially positive emotional reactivity, decreased with age and that the GMV of the insula was negatively correlated with age. Subsequently, the bilateral insula was divided into six subregions to calculate the whole brain resting\u2010state functional connectivity (rsFC). The mediating effect of the rsFC on age and emotional reactivity was then calculated. The results showed that the rsFC of the left anterior insula (AI) with the right hippocampus, and the rsFCs of the right AI with the striatum and the thalamus were mediated the relationship between positive emotional reactivity and age. Our findings suggest that attenuating emotional reactivity with age may be a strategic adaptation fostering emotional stability and diminishing emotional vulnerability. Meanwhile, the findings implicate a key role for the AI in the changes in positive emotional reactivity with age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T07:25:32Z","timestamp":1707549932000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Age\u2010related positive emotional reactivity decline associated with the anterior insula based resting\u2010state functional connectivity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Lijing","family":"Niu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqi","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience The University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanxin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haowei","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keyin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9992-6609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatia M. 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