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We investigated how acute psychosocial stress influences performance and neural processing during the Go\/NoGo task\u2014an established cognitive control task. The experimental group underwent the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) acute stress induction, whereas the control group completed personality questionnaires. Then, participants completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) Go\/NoGo task, with self\u2010report, blood pressure and salivary cortisol measurements of induced stress taken intermittently throughout the experimental session. The TSST was successful in eliciting a stress response, as indicated by significant Stress\u2009&gt;\u2009Control between\u2010group differences in subjective stress ratings and systolic blood pressure. We did not identify significant differences in cortisol levels, however. The stress induction also impacted subsequent Go\/NoGo task performance, with participants who underwent the TSST making fewer commission errors on trials requiring the most inhibitory control (NoGo Green) relative to the control group, suggesting increased vigilance. Univariate analysis of fMRI task\u2010evoked brain activity revealed no differences between stress and control groups for any region. However, using multivariate pattern analysis, stress and control groups were reliably differentiated by activation patterns contrasting the most demanding NoGo trials (i.e., NoGo Green trials) versus baseline in the medial intraparietal area (mIPA, affiliated with the dorsal attention network) and subregions of the cerebellum (affiliated with the default mode network). These results align with prior reports linking the mIPA and the cerebellum to visuomotor coordination, a function central to cognitive control processes underlying goal\u2010directed behavior. This suggests that stressor\u2010induced hypervigilance may produce a facilitative effect on response inhibition which is represented neurally by the activation patterns of cognitive control regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T02:50:05Z","timestamp":1716778205000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Acute psychosocial stress modulates neural and behavioral substrates of cognitive control"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7105-7141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chrystal","family":"Spencer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi D.","family":"Mill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Rutgers University  Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamil P.","family":"Bhanji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Rutgers University  Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauricio R.","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Rutgers University  Newark New Jersey USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Rutgers University  Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Rutgers University  Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Tricomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Rutgers University  Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-8986.3910095"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2007.19.3.468"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12360"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beilock S. 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