{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:08:47Z","timestamp":1787501327348,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]],"date-time":"2024-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23MH125018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23MH125018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21MH130914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21MH130914"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016766","name":"New Venture Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016766","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC) is a circuit\u2010based treatment for severe, refractory obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder (OCD). The therapeutic effects of DBS are hypothesized to be mediated by direct modulation of a distributed cortico\u2010striato\u2010thalmo\u2010cortical network underlying OCD symptoms. However, the exact underlying mechanism by which DBS exerts its therapeutic effects still remains unclear. In five participants receiving DBS for severe, refractory OCD (3\u00a0responders, 2 non\u2010responders), we conducted a DBS On\/Off cycling paradigm during the acquisition of functional MRI (23\u00a0fMRI runs) to determine the network effects of stimulation across a variety of bipolar configurations. We also performed tractography using diffusion\u2010weighted imaging (DWI) to relate the functional impact of DBS to the underlying structural connectivity between active stimulation contacts and functional brain networks. We found that therapeutic DBS had a distributed effect, suppressing BOLD activity within regions such as the orbitofrontal cortex, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and subthalamic nuclei compared to non\u2010therapeutic configurations. Many of the regions suppressed by therapeutic DBS were components of the default mode network (DMN). Moreover, the estimated stimulation field from the therapeutic configurations exhibited significant structural connectivity to core nodes of the DMN. Based upon these findings, we hypothesize that the suppression of the DMN by ALIC DBS is\u00a0mediated by interruption of communication through structural white matter connections surrounding the DBS active contacts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.70106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T03:52:05Z","timestamp":1735098725000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Therapeutic\n                    <scp>DBS<\/scp>\n                    for\n                    <scp>OCD<\/scp>\n                    Suppresses the Default Mode Network"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Natalya","family":"Slepneva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevieve","family":"Basich\u2010Pease","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam C.","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Keck School of Medicine of USC  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tenzin","family":"Norbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Krystal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7315-4519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leo P.","family":"Sugrue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian C.","family":"Motzkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Anesthesia and Perioperative Care University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul S.","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Starr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5993-0515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie A.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0531-102X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. Moses","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Institute for Neurosciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2014.00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133591"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2007.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2021.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117330"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2023.1339340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2003.822821"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2012.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23311-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-019-0212-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.18101180"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cbmr.1996.0014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1492(199706\/08)10:4\/5<171::AID-NBM453>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19060656"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.0930"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-018-0235-4"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"2183","article-title":"The Impact of Mirth\u2010Inducing Ventral Striatal Deep Brain Stimulation on Functional and Effective Connectivity","volume":"27","author":"Gibson W. S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20010037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fninf.2011.00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00113-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.06.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-024-01570-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.08.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.26054"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16734-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2021.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26457"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2019.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2023.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01307-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2012.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03196-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.08.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01550-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.02.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2006.104.4.558"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.08.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01480-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-01175-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhx179"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30069-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-00711-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2010.2046908"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-41026-x"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","first-page":"740","article-title":"Metabolic Imaging of Anterior Capsular Stimulation in Refractory Obsessive\u2010Compulsive Disorder: A Key Role for the Subgenual Anterior Cingulate and Ventral Striatum","volume":"47","author":"Van Laere K.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2021.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2010.2045126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.906424"}],"container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.70106","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hbm.70106","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.70106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T14:18:57Z","timestamp":1772979537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hbm.70106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hbm.70106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.70106","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2024.07.21.601827","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1065-9471","1097-0193"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1065-9471","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0193","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70106"}}