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Our previous behavioral research has demonstrated the effects of multi\u2010target TI stimulation in enhancing working memory (WM) performance, however, the neural mechanisms of this special form of envelope modulation remain unclear. To address this issue, here we designed this randomized, double\u2010blind, crossover study, which consisted of a task\u2010based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment, to explore how offline TI stimulation modulated brain activity and behavioral performance in healthy adults. We conducted a 2\u2009\u00d7\u20092 within\u2010subjects design with two factors: stimulation (TI vs. Sham) and time (pre vs. post). Participants received two stimulation protocols in a random order: TI (beat frequency: 6\u2009Hz, targeting middle frontal gyrus [MFG] and inferior parietal lobule [IPL]) and sham stimulation. Neuroimaging data of a WM task with different cognitive loads were acquisited immediately before and after stimulation. We found TI stimulation significantly improved\n                    <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2032 in the high\u2010demand WM task. Whole\u2010brain analysis showed the significant time\u2010by\u2010stimulation interactions in two main clusters in IPL and precuneus with lower activation after TI stimulation. The generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) analysis revealed a significant interaction in task\u2010modulated connectivity between MFG and IPL, with improvement observed after TI stimulation. Notably, this increasing functional connectivity induced by TI stimulation was positively correlated with better behavioral performance. Overall, our findings show specific effects of TI stimulation on brain activation and functional connectivity in the frontoparietal network and may contribute to provide new perspectives for future neuromodulation applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.70160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T07:40:12Z","timestamp":1739346012000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Temporal Interference Stimulation Boosts Working Memory Performance in the Frontoparietal Network"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9482-4093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suwang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"},{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai 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Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"},{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai China"},{"name":"School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of Sport  Shanghai 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