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The Triple Network Model, comprising the salience network (SN), default mode network (DMN), and central executive network (CEN), provides a framework for understanding large\u2010scale brain network dysfunction associated with heavy alcohol use. Using resting\u2010state fMRI and a Hidden Semi\u2010Markov Model (HSMM), we examined dynamic brain state changes in moderate\u2010to\u2010heavy drinkers (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200938) across two conditions: typical drinking and alcohol abstinence. Our findings revealed six distinct brain states, with significant differences in state occupancy, transitions, and duration between drinking conditions. Abstinence was associated with decreased time spent in a DMN\u2010dominant state, a lower probability of transitioning to a state with high SN activation, and more frequent but shorter durations in a state without a distinct dominant network. These results suggest alcohol abstinence alters the temporal dynamics of these brain networks, potentially disrupting attention shifting and cognitive control mechanisms that may contribute to relapse risk. Understanding these neural adaptations will provide critical insight into the neurobiology of habitual heavy drinking and inform potential targets for future interventions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.70432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T08:15:07Z","timestamp":1766132107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Abstinence Alters Triple Network Dynamics in Moderate\u2010to\u2010Heavy Drinkers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5884-1599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Khodaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech\u2010Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem  North Carolina 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Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem  North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Data Science Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem  North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8871-9658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul J.","family":"Laurienti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech\u2010Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem  North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem  North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather M.","family":"Shappell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Tech\u2010Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 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