{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:03:17Z","timestamp":1790762597627,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV\u2010018164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV\u2010018164"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV\u2010005774"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV\u2010005774"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV\u2010047888"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV\u2010047888"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV\u2010047885"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV\u2010047885"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["314678\/Z\/24\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["314678\/Z\/24\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["222076\/Z\/20\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222076\/Z\/20\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ultra\u2010low\u2010field (ULF) MRI facilitates neuroimaging access, yet its application in early infancy is constrained by low resolution and contrast, and the limited suitability of existing segmentation tools. In this work we introduce and validate miniMORPH, an open\u2010source pipeline for automated brain volumetry from 0.064T T2\u2010weighted MRI acquired across infancy and toddlerhood. ULF scans were acquired from infants aged 2 to 27 months across two cohorts in South Africa and Uganda. Age\u2010specific templates and priors were used to segment major brain tissues and substructures. Validation used two high\u2010field (HF) references: (i) expert manual HF segmentations for key ROIs across ages, and (ii) automated HF segmentations from SuperSynth on paired HF\u2010ULF scans. We quantified (a) between\u2010subject ordering across modalities using Pearson\u2019s correlation (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and (b) systematic scaling differences using percentage error (PE) and time\u2010corrected percentage error (CPE), stratifying performance by cohort and age. Face validity was also tested via mixed\u2010effects models of age, sex, and birthweight. miniMORPH generated anatomically plausible segmentations of major brain regions across infancy. In paired HF\u2010ULF comparisons, between\u2010subject ordering was generally preserved across many ROIs, with stronger correspondence in the South African cohort than in the Ugandan cohort at 12 months. Systematic scaling offsets were most evident in CSF\u2010rich or boundary\u2010sensitive compartments, with consistently negative CPE for ventricles and cerebellum. Performance varied with age, showing the greatest variability at 3 months. miniMORPH successfully captured regional age\u2010related growth trajectories. Sex\u2010dependent volumetric differences were widespread but attenuated after intracranial volume correction. Low birthweight infants exhibited reduced regional volumes and altered growth trajectories. Taken together, these findings indicate that miniMORPH enables volumetric analysis of ULF infant MRI and preserves between\u2010subject variation suitable for developmental and group analyses. ROI\u2010 and cohort\u2010specific offsets, particularly in CSF\u2010rich regions, may require calibration when absolute volumes are needed. The pipeline is openly available at\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/UNITY-Physics\/fw-minimorph\">https:\/\/github.com\/UNITY\u2010Physics\/fw\u2010minimorph<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.70547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T10:15:58Z","timestamp":1782209758000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["<scp>miniMORPH<\/scp>\n                    : A Morphometry Pipeline for Low\u2010Field\n                    <scp>MRI<\/scp>\n                    in Infants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Casella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Early Life Imaging School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aksel","family":"Leknes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, University of Stavanger  Stavanger Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niall J.","family":"Bourke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayo","family":"Zahra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, University of Stavanger  Stavanger Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9814-8841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Cromb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Early Life Imaging School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of General Paediatrics Evelina London Children's Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Paediatrics Evelina London Children's Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra Martin","family":"Segura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Paediatrics St George's Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flora","family":"Silvester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Paediatrics Evelina London Children's Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Kyriakopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Early Life Imaging School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Elijah","family":"Scheiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, University of Stavanger  Stavanger Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Layla E.","family":"Bradford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanitta","family":"Murungi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven C. R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience, King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean C. 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