{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T10:20:51Z","timestamp":1766571651246,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Care Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Undernutrition poses a major threat for the growth and development of children in remote island regions of Bangladesh.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the prevalence and risk predictors of undernutrition among children under five in the island regions of Bangladesh. A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted in 13 unions across two islands, with a random sample of 549 children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Descriptive analyses showed that underweight (\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010score\u2009&lt;\u2009\u22122), wasting (\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010score\u2009&lt;\u2009\u22122), and stunting (\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010score\u2009&lt;\u2009\u22122) were prevalent, with rates of 36.80%, 24.60%, and 47.20%, respectively. Significant predictors of underweight included a history of diarrhea (AOR\u2009=\u20092.24,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), acute respiratory infection (ARI) (AOR\u2009=\u20091.84,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), anemic caregivers (AOR\u2009=\u20091.52,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and belonging to day labor families (AOR\u2009=\u20090.29,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Childhood wasting was significantly associated with partial vaccination (AOR\u2009=\u20092.84,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), large family size (AOR\u2009=\u20091.79,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), higher birth order (AOR\u2009=\u20090.58,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), diarrhea (AOR\u2009=\u20093.09,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), anemic mothers (AOR\u2009=\u20091.89,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), primary (AOR\u2009=\u20093.35,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and secondary (AOR\u2009=\u20094.11,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) maternal education, and fathers working abroad (AOR\u2009=\u20090.42,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) or as daily laborers (AOR\u2009=\u20090.17,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Stunting was more common among children with partial vaccination, diarrhea, and ARI, and less common among those with a history of fever or those from day laborer families.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, undernutrition among children in the island areas of Bangladesh is influenced by multiple factors, necessitating a multisectoral approach to improve their nutritional status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hcs2.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T03:39:14Z","timestamp":1764905954000},"page":"381-391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence and Potential Risk Predictors of Undernutrition Among Under\u2010Five Children in Island Areas of Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Md. Abdul","family":"Aziz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Food Science and Nutrition Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mozibul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Food Science and Nutrition Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Afia","family":"Nawar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazi Nazira","family":"Sharmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Food Science and Nutrition Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram Bangladesh"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1148-9369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Altaf","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Food Science and Nutrition Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram Bangladesh"},{"name":"Department of Food Science University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suvanker","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram Bangladesh"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry Washington State University Pullman Washington, DC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932019000683"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13198"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2014.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(13)60937\u2010X"},{"volume-title":"Levels and Trends in Child Malnutrition Child Malnutrition: UNICEF\/WHO\/World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates: Key Findings of the 2023 Edition","year":"2023","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121221116246"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.60015\/bjvas\/v08i1a2"},{"volume-title":"Levels and Trends in Child Malnutrition: Key Findings of the 2019 Edition of the Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates","year":"2020","author":"Unicef, World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_12_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889\u2010022\u201014842\u2010x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_151_18","article-title":"Determinants of Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight In Five High\u2010Burden Pockets of Four Indian States","volume":"43","author":"Sinha R. 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