{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:44:21Z","timestamp":1786977861791,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,8]],"date-time":"2015-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1423353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Health Economics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Half of all pregnancies in the USA are unintended, suggesting a high incidence of either improper or nonuse of contraceptives. Emergency birth control (EBC) provides individuals with additional insurance against unplanned pregnancy in the presence of contraception failure. This study is the first to estimate the impact of switching EBC from prescription to nonprescription status in the USA on abortions and risky sexual behavior as measured by STD rates. Utilizing state\u2010level variation in access to EBC, we find that providing individuals with over\u2010the\u2010counter access to EBC leads to increase STD rates and has no effect on abortion rates. Moreover, individual\u2010level analysis using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth indicates that risky sexual behavior such as engaging in unprotected sex and number of sexual encounters increases as a result of over\u2010the\u2010counter access to EBC, which is consistent with the state\u2010level STD findings. Copyright \u00a9 2015\u2009John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.3163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,8]],"date-time":"2015-02-08T18:33:10Z","timestamp":1423420390000},"page":"455-469","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Access to Emergency Contraception and its Impact on Fertility and Sexual Behavior"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Karen","family":"Mulligan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Economics and Finance Middle Tennessee State University  Murfreesboro TN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/rest.91.1.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07350015.2011.652052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2013.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-7295.2012.00498.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"FDA News.2013.FDA approves Plan B one\u2010step emergency contraceptive without a prescription for women 15\u2009years of age and older."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/3809006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1129"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2010.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/377049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jleo\/ewm041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6296(96)00495-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6296(03)00063-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"National Conference of State Legislatures Emergency contraception state laws"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000250904.06923.4a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-7295.2011.00440.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1765(03)00165-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.740"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.96.5.1802"}],"container-title":["Health Economics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhec.3163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hec.3163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T22:00:56Z","timestamp":1696370456000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hec.3163"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,8]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hec.3163"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hec.3163","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1057-9230","1099-1050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1057-9230","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1050","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,8]]}}}