{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T09:27:24Z","timestamp":1761989244939,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]],"date-time":"2018-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1539820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002141","name":"Public Health England","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HPRU\u20102012\u201010080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HPRU\u20102012\u201010080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Economics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Influenza pandemics considerably burden affected health systems due to surges in inpatient admissions and associated costs. Previous studies underestimate or overestimate 2009\/2010 influenza A\/H1N1 pandemic hospital admissions and costs. We robustly estimate overall and age\u2010specific weekly H1N1 admissions and costs between June 2009 and March 2011 across 170 English hospitals. We calculate H1N1 admissions and costs as the difference between our administrative data of all influenza\u2010like\u2010illness patients (seasonal and pandemic alike) and a counterfactual of expected weekly seasonal influenza admissions and costs established using time\u2010series models on prepandemic (2004\u20132008) data.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We find two waves of H1N1 admissions: one pandemic wave (June 2009\u2013March 2010) with 10,348 admissions costing \u00a320.5 million and one postpandemic wave (November 2010\u2013March 2011) with 11,775 admissions costing \u00a324.8 million. Patients aged 0\u20134\u00a0years old have the highest H1N1 admission rate, and 25\u2010 to 44\u2010 and 65+\u2010year\u2010olds have the highest costs. Our estimates are up to 4.3 times higher than previous reports, suggesting that the pandemic's burden on hospitals was formerly underassessed. Our findings can help hospitals manage unexpected surges in admissions and resource use due to pandemics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.3834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,19]],"date-time":"2018-10-19T02:59:42Z","timestamp":1539917982000},"page":"175-188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Excess influenza hospital admissions and costs due to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in England"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3295-3979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krystal","family":"Lau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Imperial College Business School  London UK"},{"name":"Centre for Health Economics &amp; Policy Innovation (CHEPI) Imperial College Business School  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3138-4169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Hauck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5772-7740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marisa","family":"Miraldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Imperial College Business School  London UK"},{"name":"Centre for Health Economics &amp; Policy Innovation (CHEPI) Imperial College Business School  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,18]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Pandemic influenza risk management WHO interim guidance","year":"2013","author":"Abrahams J.","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1475"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030279"},{"volume-title":"Time series analysis, control, and forecasting","year":"2015","author":"Box G. 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