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The lottery randomly selected an applicant within each of 69 contested Community Health Analysis Areas to open a dispensary. By comparing 36 zip codes with winning applications to 48 zip codes with losing applications and weighting using propensity scores based on the true probability of winning, we estimate the causal effect of the allocation of a dispensary on the emergency room visits of residents of that zip code. Outcomes of interest are emergency room visits for acute symptoms caused by cannabis, opioids, alcohol, and cocaine. Using emergency room discharge data from 2010 to 2016, we find evidence of an increase in visits for acute cannabis\u2010related causes for the winning set of zip codes and weak evidence of an increase in visits for opioid\u2010related causes. The results indicate that in the four years following the lottery, emergency room visits for acute cannabis causes rose by approximately 45% in allocated zip codes relative to non\u2010allocated zip codes. Because of the high likelihood of spillovers to neighboring zip codes, these effects are likely underestimates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T06:36:25Z","timestamp":1592375785000},"page":"854-864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A lottery test of the effect of dispensaries on emergency room visits in Arizona"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5652-0708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory","family":"Conyers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale Law School Yale University  New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Ayres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale Law School Yale University  New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3982\/ECTA11293"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2017.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/668812"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301612"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"Arizona Administrative Code R9\u201017\u2010306. 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