{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:07:49Z","timestamp":1787314069483,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Economics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While waiting for a decision, individuals who apply for Social Security Disability Insurance face strong incentives to remain out of the labor force and receive no support from the program. An extended period with low income, high uncertainty, and lowered access to health insurance has the potential to harm applicants' well\u2010being along many dimensions. In this study, I estimate the effect of initial wait time on health, healthcare access, and financial well\u2010being, using the prevailing wait at the time an applicant applied as an instrument for their own initial wait. I find that a longer wait decreases the likelihood that an applicant has benefits terminated at the time of survey and increases the likelihood that they are currently receiving benefits, consistent with prior findings that longer waits decrease future work and earnings. Wait time also increases the number of conditions causing activity limitations. This suggests that new or worsening medical conditions contribute to the effect of wait time on employment and earnings, and that wait time has effects that extend beyond labor force outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]],"date-time":"2020-12-11T09:39:58Z","timestamp":1607679598000},"page":"491-504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["What happens when you wait? Effects of Social Security Disability Insurance wait time on health and financial well\u2010being"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1276-0408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Prenovitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abt Associates  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/00335530360535171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_3_1","volume-title":"Does delay cause decay? The effect of administrative decision time on the labor force participation and earnings of disability applicants","author":"Autor D.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1212321"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_1_5_1","first-page":"482","article-title":"The health and earnings of rejected disability insurance applicants","volume":"79","author":"Bound J.","year":"1989","journal-title":"The American Economic Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/qjec.2009.124.2.597"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2007.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2277639"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/262059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qje\/qjs020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/pol.6.2.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_12_1","volume-title":"Health effects of containing moral hazard: Evidence from disability insurance reform (Working Paper 8386","author":"Gomez\u2010Garcia P.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_13_1","volume-title":"DI benefits save lives","author":"Gelber A.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/pol.20160014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2011.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2702.2000.00350.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_17_1","volume-title":"Uninsured rate among the non\u2010elderly population, 1972\u20102018","author":"Kaiser Family Foundation","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_18_1","volume-title":"Health insurance and health care access before and after SSDI entry","author":"Livermore G.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.103.5.1797"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_20_1","volume-title":"The Accelerated Benefits Demonstration and evaluation project: Impacts on health and employment at twelve months","author":"Michalopoulos C.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2015.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_22_1","volume-title":"Survey description, National Health Interview Survey, 2005","author":"National Center for Health Statistics","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_23_1","volume-title":"Monthly statistical snapshot","author":"Social Security Administration","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_24_1","volume-title":"Office of the inspector general congressional response report: Impact of the social security administration's claims process on disability beneficiaries","author":"Social Security Administration","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_25_1","volume-title":"Identifying SSA's sequential disability determination steps using administrative data research and Statistics Note No. 2013\u201001","author":"Wixon B.","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["Health Economics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hec.4203","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hec.4203","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hec.4203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T05:23:16Z","timestamp":1692854596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hec.4203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hec.4203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hec.4203","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1057-9230","1099-1050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1057-9230","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1050","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-12-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}