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This setting provides a unique context where behavioral changes to avoid lead\u2010contaminated water are limited due to delayed water testing and dissemination of information about lead contamination. We apply synthetic control using other US cities and Mississippi counties as donors to identify the effect of lead exposure on birth outcomes. We find that prenatal lead exposure in Jackson increased the incidence of low birth weight by approximately 1.5 percentage points, relative to a synthetic Jackson.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.70121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T17:34:11Z","timestamp":1782927251000},"page":"1450-1467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lead in Drinking Water and Child Health: Evidence From Jackson, Mississippi"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4340-0533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunsik","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Finance and Economics Mississippi State University  Starkville Mississippi USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kendall","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Finance and Economics Texas State University  San Marcos Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2811-8126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justine","family":"Mallatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Economic Analysis  Suitland Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/jasa.2009.ap08746"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajps.12116"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/000282803321455188"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/rest_a_00814"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.25.3.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2022.104715"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeem.2020.102343"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.0775"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/695616"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3368\/jhr.53.1.0715\u20107235r"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/app.20160056"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/qjec.122.1.409"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.0.0079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"Buchanan A. 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