{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:52:12Z","timestamp":1785901932468,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002808","name":"Carlsbergfondet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CF22\u20100474"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF22\u20100474"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002808","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF18OC0033978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF18OC0033978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Economics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Agency theory suggests that variation in providers' quality of care may be explained by their heterogeneous motivations. We provide novel empirical evidence on the links between different sources of provider motivation and quality of care by combining a unique 4\u2010year survey dataset on Danish general practitioners' motivations with quality indicators and control variables from rich register data. Using a within\u2010between regression specification, we estimate the associations between two key sources of motivation (financial motivation and non\u2010paternalistic altruism toward patients) and seven quality indicators related to accreditation standards in general practice. We find that providers' financial motivation is associated with high\u2010quality care that relates to remunerated services. We further find that non\u2010paternalistic altruism toward patients associates with lower\u2010quality prescribing for drugs that may be highly demanded by patients and fewer annual control visits for chronic disease. These links are mostly found when we compare heterogeneously motivated practices (between estimates) rather than when we look at changes within the same practices over time (within estimates). The findings can help policymakers address agency problems that may arise from patient demands and design policies that motivate delivery of high\u2010quality care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.70144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T04:37:04Z","timestamp":1785818224000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["What Can Providers' Motivations Tell Us About Healthcare Quality?"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3918-0780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucy Margaret","family":"Poole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Centre for Health Economics Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark  Odense M Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6804-2045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Line Bj\u00f8rnskov","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Centre for Health Economics Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark  Odense M Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit of General Practice Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark  Odense M Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8865-185X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Sophie","family":"Oxholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Centre for Health Economics Department of Public Health University of Southern Denmark  Odense M Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X211069931"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412993869"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494810394718"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734371X10394402"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2022.102716"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/psrm.2014.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The Value of Life and Safety: Proceedings of a Conference Held by the Geneva Association","author":"Bergstrom T. C.","year":"1982"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","article-title":"Denmark: Health System Review","volume":"26","author":"Birk H. O.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Systems in Transition"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3368\/jhr.51.1.133"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2024.102862"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277\u20109536(00)00057\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512\u2010200825080\u201000006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamahealthforum.2024.3383"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","unstructured":"Danish Regions.2018. \u201cEkstra Penge Til Praktiserende L\u00e6ger i S\u00e6rlige Omr\u00e5der Er Nu Fordelt.\u201d [Extra money for GPs in specific areas has now been distributed].https:\/\/www.regioner.dk\/services\/nyheder\/2018\/juni\/ekstra\u2010penge\u2010til\u2010praktiserende\u2010laeger\u2010i\u2010saerlige\u2010omraader\u2010er\u2010nu\u2010fordelt\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","unstructured":"Danish Society of General Practice.2021.Ulcerogenmedicin\u2013 Symptomer forebyggelse udredningogbehandling [Ulcerogenic medications \u2013 Symptoms prevention evaluation and treatment].https:\/\/www.dsam.dk\/vejledninger\/dyspepsi\/ulcerogen\u2010medicin\u2010symptomer\u2010forebyggelse\u2010udredning\u2010og\u2010behandling."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03410120089033"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d3590"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3368\/jhr.54.2.0716.8070R1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2008.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2013.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167\u20106296(86)90002\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167\u20106296(86)90007\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1359432X.2019.1688301"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-57365-6_357-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2024.105191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4489"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2013.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02813432.2025.2508929"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mpr025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2011.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3386\/w33439"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10967494.2014.997906"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/padm.12163"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00056126"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2234853"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2015.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102296\u201014\u2010113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.103.7.2875"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joep.2017.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M16\u20101881"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1913646"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5617\/njhe.10196"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2025.118378"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2026.119263"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198\u2010023\u201001605\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2012.02.110216"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmae049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13370"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","unstructured":"PLO. [The Danish Organisation of General Practitioners].2025. \u201cPLO Faktaark.\u201d [PLO fact sheet].https:\/\/laeger.dk\/media\/y05lxe1t\/plo\u2010faktaark\u20102025_ver1.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21996\/zeqp\u20100d96"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyw213"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGP.2021.0419"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq433"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Centering Predictors in Multilevel Analysis: Choices and Consequences","volume":"2","author":"Raudenbush S. W.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Multilevel Modelling Newsletter"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102020\u2010046756"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2021.102550"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4736"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","volume-title":"Multilevel Analysis: An Introduction to Basic and Advanced Multilevel Modelling","author":"Snijders T. A. B.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","unstructured":"Statens Serum Institut.2022 25 April. \u201cDa covid\u201019 ramte verden og Danmark \u2013 se tidslinjen her.\u201d [When covid\u201019 hit the world and Denmark \u2013 see the timeline here].https:\/\/www.ssi.dk\/aktuelt\/nyheder\/2022\/da\u2010covid\u201019\u2010ramte\u2010verden\u2010og\u2010danmark\u2010se\u2010tidslinjen\u2010her."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","unstructured":"Statistics Denmark.2025. \u201cDegree of Urbanisation (DEGURBA)\u2014Statistics Denmark v1:2007.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.dst.dk\/en\/Statistik\/dokumentation\/nomenklaturer\/degurba\u2010dst."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","unstructured":"Vedsted P. andT. H.S\u00f8rensen.2009.Praksisscore p\u00e5 DAMP Baseret p\u00e5 Praksispopulationer i 2006.[Practice Scores on DAMP Based on Practice Populations in 2006]."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HMR.0000000000000284"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199906173402407"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2018.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGP.2022.0563"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913\u2010021\u201006118\u20108"}],"container-title":["Health Economics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hec.70144","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hec.70144","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hec.70144","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:21:57Z","timestamp":1785900117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hec.70144"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hec.70144"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hec.70144","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1057-9230","1099-1050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1057-9230","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1050","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"hec.70144"}}