{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T08:43:39Z","timestamp":1770885819687,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,15]],"date-time":"2008-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1229299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to characterize the distribution of anterior skull base (ASB) cancers in the pediatric population and to identify predictors of outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was an international study of 1307 patients undergoing craniofacial surgery for malignant tumors; 6.4% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 84) among these were \u226421 years old.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most common histologic type was sarcoma (40%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (14%). Higher incidence of tumors was found in older children (7.5\u201321 years) compared to younger children. The 5\u2010year disease\u2010specific and overall survival rates were 61% and 55%, respectively (median follow\u2010up of 30 months). The best prognosis was associated with low\u2010grade sarcomas and the worst with salivary and squamous cell carcinomas. High\u2010grade sarcoma represented an intermediate risk group. On multivariate analysis, prior radiotherapy and histology were independent predictors of survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgery for malignant tumors involving the ASB is feasible and safe in children. Histology is significant determinant of poor outcome in this population. \u00a9 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,17]],"date-time":"2008-12-17T00:59:25Z","timestamp":1229475565000},"page":"308-317","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Outcome of craniofacial surgery in children and adolescents with malignant tumors involving the skull base: An international collaborative study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Ziv","family":"Gil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Snehal G.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Cantu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan M.","family":"Fliss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz P.","family":"Kowalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhuvanesh","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Snyderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis H.","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jatin P.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"International Collaborative Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199603000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050343"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000067563"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11630"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(63)90387-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0347(199905)21:3<185::AID-HED1>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Surgical approach to carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses with extension to the base of the skull","volume":"8","author":"Shah JP","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clin Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22882"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0347(199803)20:2<97::AID-HED1>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MLG.0000163766.66223.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.04.018"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","first-page":"169","article-title":"Tumors of the skull base in children and adolescents","volume":"100","author":"Hanbali F","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20226"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-959334"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1997.01900120062010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02841869709100731"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199902000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3680(18)30093-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","first-page":"556","article-title":"Adjuvant therapy of sarcomas of soft tissue","volume":"24","author":"Antman KH","year":"1997","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","first-page":"340","article-title":"Section on tumors: Mahaley Clinical Research Award: primary sarcomas of the skull base: an analysis of 63 cases","volume":"51","author":"Prabhu SS","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3680(18)30634-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01053045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-959333"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000067558"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.8.923"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.129.12.1303"}],"container-title":["Head &amp; 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