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The MRI and 18F\u2010FDG PET\u2010CT were used for both diagnostic work\u2010up and gross tumor volume and critical structure delineation. The interobserver variation (IOV) of volumes determined on MRI and CT by a radiotherapist and by a radiologist were compared as well as their impact on dose distribution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The CT\u2010MRI decreased the IOV of parotid glands in 12 of 35 and target volume in 15 of 35 patients. The use of 18F\u2010FDG PET\u2010CT changed the treatment design in 6 of 21 patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diagnostic imaging performed in the treatment position can improve the accuracy of radiotherapy planning in case of intracranial tumor extension, heavy dental work, or contraindication for contrast\u2010enhanced CT, but not in the absence of these conditions. \u00a9 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,17]],"date-time":"2008-12-17T01:01:45Z","timestamp":1229475705000},"page":"461-467","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Use of single MRI and 18F\u2010FDG PET\u2010CT scans in both diagnosis and radiotherapy treatment planning in patients with head and neck cancer: Advantage on target volume and critical organ 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