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The incidence of HNSCC in liver transplant recipients with end\u2010stage alcoholic liver disease (26) was 5%. After a median follow\u2010up of 9 years, 1\u2010year, 3\u2010year, and 5\u2010year OS rates were 74%, 47%, and 34%, respectively. Tumor size, cervical lymph node metastases, tumor site, and therapy (surgery only vs surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy [RT]\/chemoradiotherapy [CRT] vs RT\/CRT only; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) were significantly associated with OS in univariate analysis. However, surgery only predicted OS independently in multivariate analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early diagnosis and surgical treatment of de novo HNSCC are crucial to the outcome. HNSCC risk should be taken into close consideration during posttransplantation follow\u2010up examinations, especially among patients with a positive history of smoking and alcohol consumption. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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