{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T18:08:32Z","timestamp":1785089312952,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,18]],"date-time":"2015-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is challenging because of the proximity of the tumor to the central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to present our evaluation of disease control and toxicity outcomes for patients with T4 NPC treated with intensity\u2010modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and chemotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medical records of 66 patients with T4 NPC treated from 2002 to 2012 with IMRT were reviewed. Endpoints included tumor control and toxicity outcomes (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE v4.0]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median follow\u2010up was 38 months. Five\u2010year rates of locoregional control, distant metastasis\u2010free survival, progression\u2010free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were 80%, 62%, 57%, and 69%, respectively. Nodal involvement was associated with worse PFS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.015). Gross target volume (GTV) volume &gt;100 cm and planning target volume (PTV) volume &gt;400 cm were associated with worse OS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.038 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.004, respectively). Four patients had significant cognitive impairment, and 9 had MRI evidence of brain necrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>For patients with T4 NPC treated with IMRT and chemotherapy, survival and locoregional disease control rates have improved; however, late treatment toxicity remains a concern. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. <jats:italic>Head Neck<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>38<\/jats:bold>: E925\u2013E933, 2016<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]],"date-time":"2015-05-20T22:59:03Z","timestamp":1432162743000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Disease control and toxicity outcomes for T4 carcinoma of the nasopharynx treated with intensity\u2010modulated radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Vinita","family":"Takiar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University of 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