{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T08:49:47Z","timestamp":1783068587308,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health","award":["NIH\/NCI P50CA097248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH\/NCI P50CA097248"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To better understand the associations between a history of tobacco use and survival outcomes, cigarette use was prospectively surveyed in 687 previously untreated patients with cancer of the oral cavity (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 271), oropharynx (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 257), larynx (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 135), or hypopharynx (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 24).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kaplan\u2013Meier and Cox models explored the associations of tobacco use intensity (packs\/day), duration (years of use), and timing before diagnosis with overall survival (OS), disease\u2010specific survival (DSS), and recurrence\u2010free survival (RFS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cigarette use duration, timing, and intensity were significant predictors for all outcomes in univariate analysis. Never smoking and pack\u2010years were not significantly associated with outcomes after adjustment for prognostic factors, such as stage, comorbidities, and human papillomavirus (HPV) status, which were strongly associated with clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings confirm the association between smoking history and survival and the importance of clinical variables in evaluating smoking as a prognostic factor. Timing, intensity, and duration of cigarette use should be considered with other prognostic factors when considering risk stratification for treatment planning. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. <jats:italic>Head Neck<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>38:<\/jats:bold> 1810\u20131820, 2016<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,19]],"date-time":"2016-07-19T06:29:04Z","timestamp":1468909744000},"page":"1810-1820","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Cigarette use, comorbidities, and prognosis in a prospective head and neck squamous cell carcinoma population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily L.","family":"Bellile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cancer Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory T.","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shama","family":"Virani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences University of Michigan School of Public Health Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Shuman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy M. 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