{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T10:56:05Z","timestamp":1788173765827,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,14]],"date-time":"2019-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The scapula tip free flap has been described for reconstruction of short mandible defects with extensive soft tissue needs. The versatility of this flap has not been extensively described.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective case series of patients who underwent mandibulectomy and reconstruction with the scapula tip free flap from 2005 to 2016. Outcomes include bony union, complications, dental rehabilitation, and donor site morbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 120 patients were identified. Average harvested bone was 7.7 cm, with 54% undergoing one osteotomy, and 76.7% harvested as a chimeric flap. Radiographically, average inset bone was 6.6 cm. Complete or partial bony union was observed at 74.4% of proximal and 82.6% of distal osteotomies. A 95% of reconstructions met criteria for dental implants. Mean disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score was 21.2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The scapular tip is an excellent option for reconstruction of segmental mandible defects with the option of osteotomy, excellent bony union rates, low donor site morbidity, and potential for dental rehabilitation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,14]],"date-time":"2019-03-14T14:02:16Z","timestamp":1552572136000},"page":"2353-2358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Mandibular reconstruction with the scapula tip free flap"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8361-913X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey M.","family":"Blumberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Constance","family":"Lacasse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David K.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Surgery and Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Surgery Stony Brook Medicine  Stony Brook New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Rittenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division Head, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Mount Sinai Hospital\/Sinai Health System  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.K.L.","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9062-3719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas","family":"Chepeha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mandible reconstruction using the free osteocutaneous fibula flap","author":"Pieptu D","year":"2005","journal-title":"Timisoara Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2006.06.286"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2007.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0b013e31815c942c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198907000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2016.12.010"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"862","article-title":"The scapular osteofasciocutaneous flap: a 12\u2010year experience","volume":"127","author":"Urken ML","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.20649"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.134.11.1214"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2010.166"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2011.187"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1991.01870190045010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0274(199606)29:6<602::AID-AJIM4>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2008.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23593"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"DeraemaekerR ThienenCV LejourM DorP. 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