{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T22:41:28Z","timestamp":1790289688842,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Assessed pooled risk on reproductive factors and oral contraceptives (OC) on thyroid cancer (TC) using published studies (1996\u20102017).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Summary odds ratio (OR) for case\u2010control studies (n = 10) and risk ratio (RR) for cohort studies (n = 9) was done.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>OR was 1.43 (95% CI: 1.16\u20101.77) for age at menarche &gt;14\u2009years, 1.49 (95% CI: 1.19\u20101.86) for parity &gt;2, 1.38 (95% CI: 1.18\u20101.61) for miscarriage\/abortion, and 2.05 (95% CI: 1.39\u20103.01) for artificial menopause. A protective effect (ORs: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.72\u20100.99) on TC was observed for prolonged use of OCs. RR was 1.17 (95% CI: 0.90\u20101.57) for age at menarche &gt;14\u2009years, 1.10 (95% CI: 0.94\u20101.27) for parity &gt;2, 1.20 (95% CI: 1.03\u20101.40) for miscarriage\/abortion, and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.41\u20103.31) for artificial menopause and protective effect (RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65\u20100.92) for prolonged use of OCs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This meta\u2010analysis supports an association due to changes in female hormones during menstrual cycle and pregnancy with the risk of TC and explains female preponderance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T06:55:42Z","timestamp":1570604142000},"page":"4199-4208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Reproductive factors and thyroid cancer risk: Meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Arathy S.","family":"Mannathazhathu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics Regional Cancer Centre  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Preethi S.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics Regional Cancer Centre  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sreekala","family":"Sudhakaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics Regional Cancer Centre  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Durga","family":"Vasudevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics Regional Cancer Centre  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jagathnath","family":"Krishna KM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics Regional Cancer Centre  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Booth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queens University  Kingston Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1574-7356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleyamma","family":"Mathew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics Regional Cancer Centre  Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"BrayF ColombetM MeryL et al.Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. 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