{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T18:02:51Z","timestamp":1777485771805,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Still, the effect of cigarette smoke on the molecular level is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the early effects of cigarette smoke on carcinogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human oral keratinocytes were exposed for 1\u2009week to standardized cigarette smoke extract, and subsequently RT\u2010quantitative PCR array was performed. Protein expression of dysregulated genes was determined by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral leukoplakia, and tonsil mucosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content>RT\u2010PCR revealed upregulation of ITGA\u20102 and MMP\u20101, whereas TEK receptor tyrosine kinase was downregulated in human oral keratinocytes. ITGA\u20102 and MMP\u20101 were significantly overexpressed in tissue samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma in comparison to normal mucosa (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;.01 in all experiments).<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Upregulation of ITGA\u20102 and MMP\u20101 induced by cigarette smoke contributes significantly to oral carcinogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T13:51:43Z","timestamp":1590069103000},"page":"2348-2354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Early effects of cigarette smoke extract on human oral keratinocytes and carcinogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0502-4250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Foki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Gangl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Kranebitter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Niederberger\u2010Leppin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 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