{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T13:34:26Z","timestamp":1762522466265,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Coranavirus\u20102 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection is currently based on real\u2010time PCR (RT\u2010PCR) performed on either nasopharyngeal (NPS) or oropharyngeal (OPS) swabs; saliva specimen collection can be used, too. Diagnostic accuracy of these procedures is suboptimal, and some procedural mistakes may account for it.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The video shows how to properly collect secretions from the upper airways for nonserologic diagnosis of COVID\u201019 by nasopharyngeal swab (NPS), oropharyngeal swab (OPS), and deep saliva collection after throat\u2010cleaning maneuver, all performed under videoendoscopic view by a trained ENT examiner.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recommend to perform NPS after elevation of the tip of the nose in order to reduce the risk of contamination from the nasal vestible, and to let it flow over the floor of the nasal cavity in parallel to the hard palate in order to reach the nasopharynx. Then the tip of the swab should be left in place for few seconds, and then rotated in order to achieve the largest absorption of nasopharyngeal secretions. Regards OPS, gentle anterior tongue depression should be used to avoid swab contamination from the oral cavity during collection of secretions from the posterior pharyngeal wall. These procedural tricks would enhance diagnostic reliability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T10:04:52Z","timestamp":1590141892000},"page":"1552-1554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nonserologic test for COVID\u201019: How to manage?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8461-6042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Torretta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianvincenzo","family":"Zuccotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Cristofaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Ettori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Solimeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ludovica","family":"Battilocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"D'Onghia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Pignataro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2876-5721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasquale","family":"Capaccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Surgical Dental Science University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim Guidelines for Collecting Handling and Testing Clinical Specimens from Persons for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID\u201019).https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019\u2010nCoV\/lab\/guidelines\u2010clinical\u2010specimens.html. Accessed April 16 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","first-page":"00297","article-title":"Negative nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab does not rule out COVID\u201019","volume":"26","author":"Winichakoon P","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2020-0285"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","article-title":"Consistent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus in saliva","volume":"12","author":"To KK","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30196-1"}],"container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhed.26270","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hed.26270","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hed.26270","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hed.26270","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T00:58:26Z","timestamp":1693961906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hed.26270"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hed.26270"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.26270","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1043-3074","1097-0347"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1043-3074"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-0347"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}