{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:49:12Z","timestamp":1790804952273,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate olfactory dysfunction (OD) in patients with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) through patient\u2010reported outcome questionnaires and objective psychophysical testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID\u201019 patients with self\u2010reported sudden\u2010onset OD were recruited. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected. Nasal complaints were evaluated with the sinonasal outcome\u201022. Subjective olfactory and gustatory status was evaluated with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Objective OD was evaluated using psychophysical tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty\u2010six patients completed the study. The most common symptoms were fatigue (72.9%), headache (60.0%), nasal obstruction (58.6%), and postnasal drip (48.6%). Total loss of smell was self\u2010reported by 61.4% of patients. Objective olfactory testings identified 41 anosmic (47.7%), 12 hyposmic (14.0%), and 33 normosmic (38.3%) patients. There was no correlation between the objective test results and subjective reports of nasal obstruction or postnasal drip.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A significant proportion of COVID\u201019 patients reporting OD do not have OD on objective testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T10:14:25Z","timestamp":1590056065000},"page":"1583-1590","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Objective olfactory evaluation of self\u2010reported loss of smell in a case series of 86\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0845-0845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerome R.","family":"Lechien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS)  Marseille France"},{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology University of Mons (UMons)  Mons Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil Universit\u00e9 Versailles Saint\u2010Quentin\u2010en\u2010Yvelines (Paris Saclay University)  Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint\u2010Pierre, School of Medicine Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Cabaraux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS)  Marseille France"},{"name":"Department of Neurology CHU de Charleroi  Charleroi Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9454-9464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Chiesa\u2010Estomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS)  Marseille France"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Hospital Universitario Donostia  San Sebastian Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamad","family":"Khalife","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS)  Marseille France"},{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery EpiCURA Hospital  Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Hans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS)  Marseille France"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil Universit\u00e9 Versailles Saint\u2010Quentin\u2010en\u2010Yvelines (Paris Saclay University)  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Calvo\u2010Henriquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS)  Marseille France"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela  Santiago de Compostela Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Martiny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles\u2014Universitair Laboratorium Brussel (LHUB\u2010ULB)  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Dean, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine et Pharmacie Universit\u00e9 de Mons (UMONS)  Mons Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Journe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS)  Marseille France"},{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology University of Mons (UMons)  Mons Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leigh","family":"Sowerby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010Rhino\u2010Laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS)  Marseille France"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery University of Western Ontario  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Saussez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology University of Mons (UMons)  Mons Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Bruxelles, CHU Saint\u2010Pierre, School of Medicine Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles  Brussels Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery EpiCURA Hospital  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