{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T13:37:54Z","timestamp":1781357874676,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Respiratory particle generation and dispersal during nasoendoscopy and swab testing is studied with high\u2010speed video and laser light illumination. Video analysis reveals droplet formation in three manoeuvres during nasoendoscopy \u2010 sneezing, vocalization, and nasal decongestion spray. A capillary bridge of mucus can be seen when a nasoendoscope exits wet nares. No droplet formation is seen during oral and nasopharyngeal swab testing. We outline the following recommendations: pull the face mask down partially and keep the mouth covered, only allowing nasal access during nasoendoscopy; avoid nasal sprays if possible; if nasal sprays are used, procedurists should be in full personal protective equipment prior to using the spray; withdrawal of swabs and scopes should be performed in a slow and controlled fashion to reduce potential dispersion of droplets when the capillary bridge of mucus breaks up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]],"date-time":"2020-07-04T07:39:00Z","timestamp":1593848340000},"page":"2779-2781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Respiratory droplet generation and dispersal during nasoendoscopy and upper respiratory swab testing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0379-6350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa Y. J.","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Singapore General Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward Z. Y.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery Sengkang General Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Sadovoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neville W. Y.","family":"Teo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Singapore General Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberley L.","family":"Kiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Singapore General Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. T.","family":"Toh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Singapore General Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng\u2010Wai","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology \u2010 Head and Neck Surgery Changi General Hospital  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"1843","article-title":"Detection of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in different types of clinical specimens","volume":"323","author":"Wang W","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.0780"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820921395"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jfm.2014.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"Modes of transmission of virus causing COVID\u201019: Implications for IPC precaution recommendations","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"Preventing Transmission of Pandemic Influenza and Other Viral Respiratory Diseases: Personal Protective Equipment for Healthcare Personnel: Update 2010","author":"Institute of Medicine Committee on Personal Protective Equipment for Healthcare Personnel to Prevent Transmission of Pandemic I, Other Viral Respiratory Infections","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhed.26347","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hed.26347","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hed.26347","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hed.26347","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T04:32:30Z","timestamp":1693801950000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hed.26347"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hed.26347"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.26347","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1043-3074","1097-0347"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1043-3074","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0347","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}