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Six cadaveric specimens (12 sides) were dissected using endonasal and transorbital endoscopic approaches to access the SOF. The order of the approaches was alternated in each specimen (eg, starting with an endonasal approach in one side followed by a transorbital exposure and reversing the order on the contralateral side). Maximal exposure of the SOF and its contents for individual and combined approaches were explored. The endonasal corridor provided adequate access to the inferomedial 1\/3 of the SOF and including the proximal segments of cranial nerves (CN) III, V<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and VI. A transorbital approach was superior accessing the superolateral 2\/3's of the SOF, including the superior ophthalmic vein, lacrimal nerve, and distal segment of the CN VI at the lateral aspect; the nasociliary nerve and divisions of CN III centrally; and the frontal nerve and CN IV at the dorsal aspect of levator palpebrae superioris. This study suggests that a combined endonasal and transorbital exposure of the SOF may be advantageous to address lesions in this challenging region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T07:41:50Z","timestamp":1596267710000},"page":"3089-3097","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Expanded exposure and detailed anatomic analysis of the superior orbital fissure: Implications for endonasal and transorbital approaches"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0114-7608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lifeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery The James Cancer Hospital, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2902-4407","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr","given":"Nyall R.","family":"London","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery The James Cancer Hospital, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Sinonasal and Skull Base Tumor Program National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Prevedello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery The James Cancer Hospital, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery The James Cancer Hospital, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo L.","family":"Carrau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery The James Cancer Hospital, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery The James Cancer Hospital, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2005.19.1.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"E4","article-title":"Expanded endonasal approach: the rostrocaudal axis. 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