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We performed a retrospective study of patients with HPV+ and HPV\u2212 OPSCC undergoing TORS or NRS with neck dissection using the National Cancer Database from the years 2010\u20132016. Among patients with OPSCC in our cohort, 3167 (58.1%) patients underwent NRS and 2288 (41.9%) underwent TORS. TORS patients demonstrated better overall survival than NRS patients (HPV+ patients: aHR 0.74, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02; HPV\u2212 patients: aHR 0.58, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Subsite analysis showed TORS was correlated with improved survival in base of tongue (BoT) primaries for both HPV+ (aHR 0.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01) and HPV\u2212 (aHR 0.42, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01) OPSCC. Compared to NRS, TORS is associated with improved overall survival for HPV+ and HPV\u2212 OPSCC, as well as greater overall survival for BoT primaries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T13:22:04Z","timestamp":1619443324000},"page":"2259-2273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Transoral robotic surgery versus nonrobotic resection of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6510-3674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeshwant","family":"Chillakuru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3868-405X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Benito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Strum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varun","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Darwish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjun S.","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5586-0273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Punam","family":"Thakkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph F.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery The George Washington University School of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"The United States Food and Drug Administration.501(k) summary section III: indications for use for Intuitive surgical endoscopic instrument control system. 2009.https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/cdrh_docs\/pdf9\/K090993.pdf. 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