{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T15:43:41Z","timestamp":1784907821866,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rate of occult metastasis in lip cancer is poorly studied. Management of the regional nodal basin in lip cancer is thus controversial. This study sought to understand the true rate of micrometastasis in lip cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systematic review and meta\u2010analysis was conducted of English language studies reporting lip cancer sentinel node biopsy results. Studies were obtained from the PubMed database between the years 2000 and 2023 using the search terms \u201csentinel node biopsy\u201d and \u201csquamous cell carcinoma.\u201d Random effect and fixed effect meta\u2010analyses were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirteen studies met inclusion criteria. Low heterogeneity was noted among the studies, as indicated by the <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> inconsistency test (<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090%). The rate of occult metastasis ranged between 0 and 33% (mean 9%). A total of 189 lip sentinel node biopsies had been performed. Of these, 21 revealed occult nodal metastasis (11.1%, 95% CI 7.36%\u201316.44%). One step, generalized linear mixed modeling revealed the true rate of occult nodal metastasis to be 10% (95% CI (0.0504, 0.1746), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rate of occult metastasis in lip cancer approaches the threshold for elective management of the regional nodal basin. Sentinel node biopsy is optimally suited for management of high\u2010risk early T stage lip cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T11:49:15Z","timestamp":1710762555000},"page":"2517-2523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Rate of occult metastasis in lip squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Sagar","family":"Kansara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center  New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evrim","family":"Oral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Biostatistics and Data Science Program Louisiana State University 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