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This study aimed to assess swallow biomechanics and bolus kinematics using a well\u2010established rat model of radiation or chemoradiation treatment to the tongue base, with or without tongue exercise intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010 and post\u2010treatment videofluoroscopy was conducted on 32 male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats treated with radiation\/chemoradiation and exercise\/no exercise. Rats in the exercise groups completed a progressive resistance tongue training paradigm. Swallow biomechanics, bolus kinematics, jaw opening, and post\u2010swallow respiration were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both treatments impacted outcome measures; the addition of exercise intervention showed benefit for some measures, particularly in rats treated with radiation, vs. chemoradiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiation and chemoradiation can significantly affect aspects of deglutition; combined treatment may result in worse outcomes. Tongue exercise intervention can mitigate deficits; more intensive intervention may be warranted in proportion to combined treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T12:34:50Z","timestamp":1723811690000},"page":"355-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of chemoradiation and tongue exercise on swallow biomechanics and bolus kinematics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8053-7953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole E.","family":"Schaen\u2010Heacock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison  Madison Wisconsin 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