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Experience with over 150 autogenous facialnerve grafts using epineural suture technique has resulted in return of movement in 95% of properly selected patients. When grafting is not feasible, as in the obliterated central facial nerve, hypoglossal\u2013facialnerve crossover is a simple and powerful source of reinnervation, usually resulting in minimal intraoral crippling and mild mass movement. A newer procedure, the cross\u2010face nerve graft, is an alternative to hypoglossal crossover, although it results in less axonal input and longer regenerative time. In cases of long\u2010standing facial paralysis with muscle atrophy, temporalis and masseter transfers are dependable and may sometimes be combined with a nerve graft.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.2890010103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]],"date-time":"2007-02-20T19:42:11Z","timestamp":1172000531000},"page":"12-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The surgical treatment of extratemporal facial paralysis: An overview"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Conley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"1848","volume-title":"Reconstructive Plastic Surgery","author":"Anderl H","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"234","volume-title":"Facial Nerve Surgery","author":"Anderl A","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197502000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"Suture of the facial nerve within the temporal bone, with a report of the first successful case","volume":"45","author":"Bunnell S","year":"1927","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"386","article-title":"The treatment of longstanding facial paralysis: a new concept","volume":"78","author":"Conley J","year":"1974","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","volume-title":"Salivary Glands and the Facial Nerve","author":"Conley J","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"763","article-title":"Hypoglossal crossover\u2013122 cases","volume":"84","author":"Conley J","year":"1977","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"206","volume-title":"Facial Nerve Surgery","author":"Conley J","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1955.01270090037008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1957.03830250062007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"224","article-title":"Rehabilitation in radical head and neck surgery","volume":"62","author":"Conley JJ","year":"1962","journal-title":"New York State J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Eye and Adnexa","author":"Conley JJ","year":"1962"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","unstructured":"ConleyJJ:Extratemporal bone facial nerve grafting. 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