{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:49:50Z","timestamp":1791982190601,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000043","name":"American Association for Cancer Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IRG\u201022\u2010144\u201060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRG\u201022\u2010144\u201060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000043","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031218","name":"Office of Research and Innovation, University of Southern California","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031218","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Head &amp; Neck"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Site\u2010specific identification of human papillomavirus (HPV)\u2010driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV+ OPSCC) remains a major diagnostic challenge. We developed a site\u2010directed mucosal swab assay designed to detect and quantify tumor\u2010derived HPV DNA shed into the oropharyngeal surface overlying HPV\u2010associated tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with biopsy\u2010proven HPV+ OPSCC or oral cavity SCC as controls were enrolled after providing informed consent. Swabs of the tumor site as well as the contralateral normal mucosa were collected. Swab\u2010derived DNA was extracted and analyzed by quantitative PCR targeting HPV16 and HPV genotyping with Sanger sequencing. Multivariable linear regression models were used to evaluate associations between swab\u2010based viral load and clinicopathologic features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a prospective cohort of 30 patients with HPV+ OPSCC, tumor\u2010side swabs detected HPV DNA in 30 of 30 cases. Swabs obtained from the contralateral mucosa showed substantially lower HPV DNA levels, demonstrating strong spatial specificity for the tumor\u2010bearing region. The assay limit of detection was determined to be ~10 HPV16 copies per reaction (1 viral genome per 500 diploid cells). All negative control patients with oral cavity SCC had negative results. Regression models revealed node\u2010positive status to be independently associated with low quantitative HPV16 viral load (fold change\u2009=\u20090.013, 95% CI: 0.001\u20130.178).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By enabling minimally invasive, anatomically targeted detection of HPV\u2010driven cancer at the primary site, this swab\u2010based assay has the potential to shorten the diagnostic pathway for HPV+ OPSCC while providing quantitative viral load measurements that may serve as a surrogate biomarker for intratumoral biology in HPV+ OPSCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.70296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:01:31Z","timestamp":1777442491000},"page":"2782-2791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Swab\u2010Derived Viral Load as a Biomarker of Tumor Biology in\n                    <scp>HPV<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8355-4804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ella P.","family":"Jackert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California 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