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While carcinogenic exposures such as tobacco and alcohol are well studied, the association between unhealthy dietary patterns and OCC has been minimally explored. This study evaluated the association between dietary patterns and OCC risk in men and women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective cohort study used data from three large U.S. longitudinal cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200968\u2009715, 1986\u20132016), Nurses' Health Study II (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200993\u2009887, 1991\u20132017), and the Health Professionals Follow\u2010up Study (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200947\u2009923, 1986\u20132016). Participants included 162\u2009602 women and 47\u2009923 men without cancer at baseline. Dietary intake was assessed every 4\u2009years using validated food frequency questionnaires. Three dietary patterns were evaluated: Western, Prudent, and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index\u20102010 (AHEI). Cox proportional hazard models estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over 30\u2009years of follow\u2010up, 226 incident OCC cases were identified (124 in women and 102 in men). Among women, lower adherence to the Prudent and AHEI dietary patterns had higher OCC risk (HR for lowest vs. highest quartile, HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.03\u20133.35, and HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.24\u20133.77, respectively). Among non\u2010 or light\u2010smoking and non\u2010 or light\u2010drinking women, low adherence to the Prudent diet significantly increased OCC risk (HR for lowest vs. highest quartile 2.94, 95% CI 1.06\u20138.10). No associations were observed in men. Formal tests for interaction by sex were not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Low adherence to Prudent and AHEI dietary patterns was associated with a higher risk of OCC in women but not men that warrants further investigation in larger pooled studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.70317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T04:01:57Z","timestamp":1778731317000},"page":"3004-3015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Poor Diet and Oral Cavity Cancer Risk in Smoking and Non\u2010Smoking Men and Women: An Analysis of Three\n                    <scp>US<\/scp>\n                    Cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2331-7620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateo","family":"Useche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Gomez\u2010Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas Houston  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kara","family":"Cushing\u2010Haugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Sciences Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center  Seattle Washington 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University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly R.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Sciences Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center  Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0549-0884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brittany","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington  Seattle Washington 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