{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T12:16:59Z","timestamp":1783167419052,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783123200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Head &amp;amp; Neck"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Frailty and sarcopenia may influence head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment outcomes, including dysphagia. Current understanding of this relationship, however, remains limited. This scoping review aimed to synthesize existing evidence on the relationship between frailty and\/or sarcopenia and dysphagia in adults with HNC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A scoping review of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL was conducted for original research published to December 2025. Eligible studies included adults (18+ years), diagnosed with HNC, examining frailty or sarcopenia and dysphagia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 5462 studies screened, 16 were included. Five examined frailty and dysphagia, and 11 examined sarcopenia and dysphagia. Most studies reported a positive association with dysphagia. Considerable heterogeneity was observed across study aims, participant demographics, and nature and timing of assessment of frailty, sarcopenia, and dysphagia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emerging evidence suggests frailty and sarcopenia are important risk factors for dysphagia in HNC. Further systematic research is needed to inform prognostic and management decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.70379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T11:31:37Z","timestamp":1783164697000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the Effects of Frailty and Sarcopenia on Dysphagia in Head and Neck Cancer: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0672-9704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rishni","family":"Perera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The University of Queensland  St Lucia Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Speech Pathology Department Austin Health  Heidelberg Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2680-8978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth C.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The University of Queensland  St Lucia Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health  Buranda Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4209-6489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"O'Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The University of Queensland  St Lucia Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9317-0145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Yates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Geriatric Medicine Austin Health  Heidelberg Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5744-7757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Packer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences The University of Queensland  St Lucia Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Functioning and Health Research, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health  Buranda Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-022-5166-x","article-title":"Reviewing the Epidemiology of Head and Neck Cancer: Definitions, Trends and Risk Factors","volume":"233","author":"Gormley M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1665019","article-title":"Global Burden of Head and Neck Cancer: Epidemiological Transitions, Inequities, and Projections to 2050","volume":"15","author":"Sun H.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oncology"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","first-page":"394","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray F.","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1159\/000381717","article-title":"Update on Head and Neck Cancer: Current Knowledge on Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Molecular Features and Novel Therapies","volume":"89","author":"Pezzuto F.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1100\/tsw.2001.58","article-title":"Accumulation of Deficits as a Proxy Measure of Aging","volume":"1","author":"Mitnitski A. 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