{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:23:51Z","timestamp":1792106631439,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HemaSphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Patients with relapsed or refractory (r\/r) primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (PCNSL) or secondary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (SCNSL) face a dismal prognosis. They have been excluded from most clinical CAR T\u2010cell trials as investigators feared an increased risk for severe immune effector cell\u2010associated neurotoxicity (ICANS). To investigate the potential of anti\u2010CD19 CAR T\u2010cell therapy (CART) in such patients, we analyzed data of 100 patients with CNS manifestation treated with CART between January 2018 and July 2023 and reported to European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Median age was 62 years. Of patients, 58% had failed \u22653 treatment lines, and 40% had received autologous stem\u2010cell transplantation before CART. Fifty\u2010nine patients received axicabtagene ciloleucel, 38 patients were treated with tisagenlecleucel, three patients received other products. At the time of CART, 67 patients had active CNS disease. Overall and progression\u2010free survival (PFS) at 24 months were 37% and 28%. Relapse incidence (RI) at 24 months was 59%, whereas non\u2010relapse mortality at 1 year was 7%. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and ICANS of any grade occurred in 83% and 42% of patients, respectively. CRS grade 3 occurred in 11 and ICANS grades 3\u20134 in 17 patients. Two patients died of neurotoxicity. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase was an independent risk factor for RI and PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.4,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.003; HR: 1.9,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.016). Patients with ECOG 2\u20133 had a significantly increased risk for the development of ICANS (HR 2.68,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.002). These data support the implementation of CART as treatment for patients with r\/r PCNSL and SCNSL.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hem3.70146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T04:02:12Z","timestamp":1747800132000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Efficacy and safety of CAR T\u2010cell therapy in patients with primary or secondary CNS lymphoma: A study on behalf of the EBMT and the GoCART coalition"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6722-0065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Ossami Saidy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy Helios Klinikum Berlin\u2010Buch Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Peczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EBMT Paris Study Office European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Thieblemont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Paris Cit\u00e9, Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris Hemato\u2010oncology, INSERM U1153, H\u00f4pital Saint\u2010Louis Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Daskalakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory Inselspital, Bern University Hospital Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Wehrli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Inselspital, Bern University Hospital Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Beauvais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille Lille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Finke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center\u2010University of Freiburg University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Schorb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center\u2010University of Freiburg University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Vandenberghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0442-3521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Berning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Stelljes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine A University Hospital Muenster Muenster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Ayuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stem Cell Transplantation University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malte","family":"Von Bonin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Clinic I University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden Dresden Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Dreger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine V University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Bethge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology University Hospital T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4952-2550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Kuhnl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology King's College Hospital London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lasse","family":"Jost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Immunotherapy University Cancer Center Schleswig\u2010Holstein, University Hospital Schleswig\u2010Holstein Kiel Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"St\u00f6lzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Immunotherapy University Cancer Center Schleswig\u2010Holstein, University Hospital Schleswig\u2010Holstein Kiel Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bastian","family":"von Tresckow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, West German Cancer Center and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK partner site Essen) University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Renner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology\/Oncology Clinic Hirslanden Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Fuhrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Praxis f\u00fcr H\u00e4matologie und Onkologie Berlin Mitte Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques\u2010Emmanuelle","family":"Galimard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EBMT Paris Study Office European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EBMT Paris Study Office European Society for Blood and Marrow 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real\u2010world outcome analysis of CAR T\u2010cell therapies for large B\u2010cell lymphoma in Germany","volume":"140","author":"Bethge WA","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01969-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.02104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","unstructured":"TostHH WeissN ChoquetS et al.A neurotoxicity in patients with CNS lymphomas treated with CAR T cell therapy. 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