{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T09:07:19Z","timestamp":1759482439431,"version":"3.30.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":11688,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Renal tubular damage, in particular, renal tubular acidosis is associated with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), but hypouricemia has not been described. We studied four patients with PBC whose serum uric acid levels were 1.4 to 1.8 mg per dl, and compared their renal and liver functions with those of 11 patients with PBC whose serum uric acid levels were normal. In the patients with PBC and hypouricemia, uric acid clearance (Cua) and the ratio of Cua and creatinine clearance (Cua\/Ccr) were high enough to cause hypouricemia. Elevated Cua\/Ccr was suppressed by administration of pyrazinamide, a blocker of tubular secretion of uric acid, but was not affected by probenecid; the effects of drugs on Cua\/Ccr were similar to those reported in Wilson's disease. Elevation in Cua\/Ccr was associated with increased serum bilirubin and urinary copper excretion. These observations indicate that hypouricemia and hyperuricosuria, which may be caused by defective postsecretory reabsorption of uric acid, are additional indicators of renal tubular damage in PBC.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,5]],"date-time":"2010-07-05T12:15:26Z","timestamp":1278332126000},"page":"719-723","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Hypouricemia and Hyperuricosuria as Expressions of Renal Tubular Damage in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Namiki","family":"Izumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Hasumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jugoro","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB1|cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780180715","article-title":"Hypouricemia","volume":"18","author":"Kelly","year":"1975","journal-title":"Arch Rheum"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB2|cit2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1971.tb04340.x","article-title":"Evaluation of uric acid clearance caused by inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion","volume":"189","author":"Mees","year":"1971","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB3|cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197302082880616","article-title":"Oat-cell carcinoma and severe hypouricemia","volume":"288","author":"Copper","year":"1973","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB4|cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1974.00320220083009","article-title":"Hypouricemia and hyperuricosuria in Laennec cirrhosis","volume":"134","author":"Michelis","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB5|cit5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-197012000-00007","article-title":"Renal function in Wilson's disease, response to penicillamine therapy","volume":"260","author":"Leu","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB6|cit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1973.125","article-title":"Renal urate excretion in patients with Wilson's disease","volume":"4","author":"Wilson","year":"1973","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB7|cit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(81)90125-6","article-title":"Renal tubular acidosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"80","author":"Pares","year":"1981","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB8|cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.51.598.550","article-title":"Renal tubular acidosis in chronic liver disease","volume":"51","author":"Golding","year":"1975","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB9|cit9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(67)90185-4","article-title":"A disorder of copper metabolism treated with penicillamine in a patient with primary biliary cirrhosis and renal tubular acidosis","volume":"43","author":"Leeson","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB10|cit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1177\/003591576706001205","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"60","author":"Scheuer","year":"1968","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB11|cit11","first-page":"903","article-title":"Enzymatic spectrophotometric method for determination of uric acid","volume":"54","author":"Lidolle","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB12|cit12","first-page":"885","article-title":"\u013dexploration de la fonction d\u00e1cidification du tubule r\u00e9nale par une epreure courte utilisant une surcharge intraveinuse de chlorhydate de l\u00e1rgine","volume":"9","author":"Lestradet","year":"1964","journal-title":"Revue fr Etud Clin Biol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB13|cit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(67)90245-8","article-title":"The renal mechanism for urate homeostasis in normal man","volume":"43","author":"Steele","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"volume-title":"Statistical methods","year":"1967","author":"Snedecor","key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB14|cit14"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB15|cit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(74)90633-0","article-title":"Influence of the kidney upon urate homeostasis in health and diseases","volume":"56","author":"Rieselbach","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840030516-BIB16|cit16","first-page":"829","article-title":"Renal tubular acidosis in Wilson's disease: characteristics, mechanisms and 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