{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T23:02:12Z","timestamp":1790463732779,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":11445,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Taiwanese have a high prevalence of HBsAg carrier rate and chronic liver diseases. To evaluate the role of delta (\u03b4) agent infection in our patients, 45 HBsAg-positive patients with chronic active hepatitis, 4 with chronic persistent hepatitis and 11 with HBsAg-positive hepatocellular carcinoma were studied for \u03b4 antibody by radioimmunoassay of serum; liver was studied for \u03b4 antigen by immunofluorescence in 23 patients. \u03b4 Antibody was only found in three patients with chronic active hepatitis (6.7%); the prevalence was 5% in HBsAg-positive chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma. None of the liver specimens studied had \u03b4 antigen. The study indicates that \u03b4 agent infection does not seem to play an important role in chronic liver diseases and hepatocarcinoma in Chinese who live in Taiwan, despite a high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,22]],"date-time":"2008-08-22T13:28:13Z","timestamp":1219411693000},"page":"502-503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["\u03b4 Agent Infection in Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases and Hepatocellular Carcinoma-An Infrequent Finding in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Ding-Shinn","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Yang","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juei-Low","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.18.12.997","article-title":"Immunofluorescence detection of new antigen-antibody system (\u03b4\/anti-\u03b4) associated to hepatitis B virus in liver and in serum of HBsAg carriers","volume":"18","author":"Rizzetto","year":"1977","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6124","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.10.6124","article-title":"Agent: association of \u03b4 antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of 5-infected chimpanzees","volume":"77","author":"Rizzetto","year":"1980","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/141.5.590","article-title":"Transmission of hepatitis B virus-associated delta antigen to chimpanzees","volume":"141","author":"Rizzetto","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(81)80003-0","article-title":"Infection with the delta (8) agent in chronic HBsAg carriers","volume":"81","author":"Smedile","year":"1981","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91678-5","article-title":"Epidemiology of HBV-associ-ated delta agent: geographical distribution of anti-delta and prevalence in polytransfused HBsAg carriers","volume":"1","author":"Rizzetto","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840010308","article-title":"\u03b4 Antigen in hepatitis B: immunohistology of frozen and paraffin-embedded liver biopsies and relation to HBV infection","volume":"1","author":"Stocklin","year":"1981","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90976-X","article-title":"Multicentric study of prevalence of HBV-associated delta infection and liver disease in drug-addicts","volume":"1","author":"Raimondo","year":"1982","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-98-4-437","article-title":"Chronic hepatitis in carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen, with intrahepatic expression of the delta antigen. 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A disease simulating acute hepatitis B progressive to chronicity","volume":"85","author":"Farci","year":"1983","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB10","first-page":"423","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus infection and chronic liver disease in Taiwan","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"1978","journal-title":"Acta Hepato-Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.125.1.318","article-title":"The hepatitis B virus-associated \u03b4 antigen: isolation from liver, development of solid-phase radioimmunoassay for \u03b4 antigen and anti-\u03b4 and partial characterization of antigen","volume":"125","author":"Rizzetto","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB12","first-page":"469","article-title":"Natural history of chronic type B hepatitis","volume":"7","author":"Hoofnagle","year":"1982","journal-title":"Prog Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(83)80144-9","article-title":"Chronic type B hepatitis","volume":"84","author":"Hoofnagle","year":"1983","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(83)80243-1","article-title":"Prevalence of delta-antibody among chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients in the Los Angeles area: its correlation with liver biopsy diagnosis","volume":"85","author":"Govindarajan","year":"1983","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197504102921503","article-title":"Vertical transmission of hepatitis B antigen in Taiwan","volume":"292","author":"Stevens","year":"1975","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040324-BIB16","first-page":"908","article-title":"A seroepidemiologic study of hepatitis B virus infection in Taiwan","volume":"77","author":"Chen","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Formosan Med Assoc"}],"container-title":["Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhep.1840040324","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-198405000-00024","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T11:01:10Z","timestamp":1733050870000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-198405000-00024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1984,5]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.1840040324","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9139","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1984,5]]}}}