{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:23:25Z","timestamp":1760189005653,"version":"3.30.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":11384,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1984,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Primary hepatocellular carc1inoma (PHC) has been linked etiologically to persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections by epidemiologic, serologic and molecular lines of evidence. To evaluate the frequency of IgM antibody to the viral core antigen (IgM anti-HBc) detected by a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay, we compared 110 Korean patients with PHC to a group of 63 age-and sex-matched control patients with other tumors. Results were correlated with those of commercially available HBV assays. IgM anti-HBc was found in 74 of 110 PHC patients (67%), but only 1 of 63 (1.6%) control patients. Although HBsAg was found in a larger percentage of PHC patients (81%), it was also present in more control patients (14%). Thus, IgM anti-HBc was more specifically associated with PHC than was the presence of HBsAg. IgM anti-HBc was found in 91% of PHC patients with detectable HBeAg and 74% of PHC patients with positive anti-HBe tests (p &lt; 0.04). The frequency of IgM anti-HBc was similar among HBsAg-positive PHC patients with and without anti-HBs, or those with low or high levels of serum a-fetoprotein. In 18 patients with PHC, IgM anti-HBc was further characterized by rate-zonal centrifugation of sera, all were found to have 19S IgM anti-HBc although 6 also had greater or equal IgM anti-HBc reactivity in the low molecular weight region. The presence of IgM anti-HBc in adult Korean HBsAg carriers may indicate an especially high risk for the development of PHC, and this should be evaluated in prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840040407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,22]],"date-time":"2008-08-22T13:24:44Z","timestamp":1219411484000},"page":"615-618","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["IgM Antibody to Hepatitis B Core Antigen in Korean Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma\u2020 \u2021"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Maria H.","family":"Sjogren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stanley M.","family":"Lemon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Whan K.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee S.","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jay H.","family":"Hoofnagle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040407-BIB1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma and the hepatitis B virus: evidence for a causal association","volume":"24","author":"Szmuness","year":"1978","journal-title":"Prog Med Virol"},{"first-page":"439","year":"1978","author":"Kew","key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040407-BIB2"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040407-BIB3","first-page":"60","article-title":"Hepatitis B viral markers in patients with chronic hepatitis and with primary hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan","volume":"27","author":"Tong","year":"1978","journal-title":"Prog Med 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chronic hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"148","author":"Sjogren","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040407-BIB14","first-page":"41","article-title":"Hepatocellular cancer in southern African Blacks: HBeAg, anti-HBe, IgM anti-HBc and other markers of hepatitis B","volume":"27","author":"Kew","year":"1981","journal-title":"Prog Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040407-BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1017\/S002217240006887X","article-title":"IgM-antibody response to the hepatitis B core antigen in acute and chronic hepatitis B","volume":"86","author":"Tedder","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Hyg Camb"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840040407-BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840010307","article-title":"Presence and meaning of anti-HBc IgM as determined by ELISA in patients with acute type B hepatitis and healthy HBsAg 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