{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T13:56:01Z","timestamp":1761918961561,"version":"3.30.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":10592,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,9]]},"abstract":"\n \n To determine the efficacy of aztreonam in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with hepatic cirrhosis, 14 patients (7 males, 7 females) with 16 Gram-negative infective episodes (12 Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>) were treated with aztreonam infusions at doses of 1 gm per 8 hr for a planned 14-day period. Ages ranged from 40 to 75 years with a mean of 57 \u00b1 10 years.<\/jats:p>\n All organisms were highly susceptible to aztreonam (minimal inhibitory concentration \u2264 0.06 to 0.12 \u03bcg per ml). Serum antibiotic levels were 61.9 \u00b1 25.5 \u03bcg per ml (peak) and 27 \u00b1 18.5 \u03bcg per ml (trough). Ascitic fluid antibiotic levels were 33.6 \u00b1 22.5 \u03bcg per ml (peak) and 32.7 \u00b1 16.8 \u03bcg per ml (trough).<\/jats:p>\n Although the symptoms of infection were controlled within 3 days and ascitic fluid cultures became negative after 48 hr, 10 patients (62.5%) died, with hepatorenal syndrome and digestive tract hemorrhage as the principal causes of death. Three patients developed streptococcal superinfections during treatment; Streptococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic> peritonitis in one case and spontaneous bacteremia due to Streptococcus equinus<\/jats:italic> and Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic> in the other two.<\/jats:p>\n Aztreonam was well tolerated and clinically and bacteriologically efficacious in controlling the infection. Serum and ascitic fluid levels were considerably higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration for the causative organisms, suggesting that lower doses may achieve suitable therapeutic levels.<\/jats:p>\n A negative aspect of the antibiotic therapy was the superinfections. The high mortality rate was attributable to the generally poor underlying condition of the patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,3]],"date-time":"2007-03-03T19:53:01Z","timestamp":1172951581000},"page":"906-910","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Evaluation of aztreonam in the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Javier","family":"Ariza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Gudiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Dolz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Xiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josefina","family":"Li\u00f1ares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Pallares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840050319","volume":"5","author":"Felisart","year":"1985","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)31995-2","volume":"59","author":"Pinto Correia","year":"1975","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB3","first-page":"305","volume":"79","author":"Ariza","year":"1982","journal-title":"Med Clin"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(78)90578-8","volume":"64","author":"Weinstein","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840020402","volume":"2","author":"Hoefs","year":"1982","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(76)80165-5","volume":"70","author":"Conn","year":"1976","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB7","first-page":"15","volume":"1","author":"S\u00e1nchez Tapias","year":"1978","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB8","first-page":"545","volume":"3","author":"Pinzello","year":"1983","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB9","first-page":"612","volume":"82","author":"Javaloyas","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med Clin"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.26.4.325","volume":"26","author":"Crossley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(82)90129-9","volume":"82","author":"Cabrera","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.22.6.969","volume":"22","author":"Wise","year":"1982","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/150.5.623","volume":"150","author":"Greenberg","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90206-2","volume":"78","author":"Henry","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90435-8","volume":"78","author":"Scully","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/17.5.661","volume":"17","author":"Gudiol","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840060516-BIB17","first-page":"195","volume-title":"Manual of clinical microbiology","author":"Martin","year":"1980","unstructured":". 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