{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T03:50:51Z","timestamp":1774929051569,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":8431,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Giant\u2013cell hepatitis is a frequent pattern of liver injury in the neonate, but it is rare after infancy. Such cases have been attributed to autoimmune disease, to non\u2013A, non\u2013B hepatitis and, most recently, to paramyxovirus infection. To better define the entity of postinfantile (syncytial) giant\u2013cell hepatitis, we reviewed 24 biopsy specimens from 20 patients with this finding, either alone or in combination with other diagnoses. The number of multinucleated giant cells varied greatly from one specimen to another. Varying degrees of portal inflammation appeared in all but one of the patients, and all had hepatitislike acinar inflammation associated with hepatocellular injury. Fibrosis was a common finding, varying from mild periportal fibrosis to established cirrhosis (33%). The changes were interpreted as acute giant\u2013cell hepatitis in 25%, as CAH in 42% and as active cirrhosis in the remainder.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>The patients ranged in age from 2 to 80 yr, with a mean of 35 yr and a male\/female ratio of approximately 1:1. The signs and symptoms of liver disease were present for more than 1 mo in most patients. A positive antinuclear antibody titer was found in seven of the patients. Three patients had a direct Coombs reaction and anemia. Overall, evidence of autoimmune disease was found in 40% of the patients. One patient had non\u2013Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the liver. Only one patient had a history of blood transfusion or risk factors for hepatitis C. No patient underwent serological study for paramyxovirus antibodies. Liver tissue from one patient was examined ultrastructurally, but no viral particles could be identified. Follow\u2013up information was available in 17 of the patients. Four had died (one of causes unrelated to liver disease); one of the surviving patients underwent successful orthotopic liver transplantation. It would appear that postinfantile giant\u2013cell hepatitis is best regarded as an unusual reaction pattern that can occur in both acute and chronic hepatitis. The most frequently identified underlying cause in our series was autoimmune disease, which may have significant implications for treatment of many of these patients. (Hepatology 1992;16:327-333.)<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,4]],"date-time":"2007-03-04T01:12:14Z","timestamp":1172970734000},"page":"327-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Postinfantile Giant\u2013Cell Transformation in Hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Devaney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zachary D.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamal G.","family":"Ishak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB1","first-page":"321","volume":"54","author":"Craig","year":"1952","journal-title":"Arch Pathol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB2","first-page":"85","volume-title":"Perspectives in pediatric pathology","volume":"3","author":"Montgomery","year":"1983","unstructured":". Neonatal hepatocellular giant cell transformation: a review. In: , eds. Perspectives in pediatric pathology. Vol 3. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers, 1983; 85\u2013101."},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)32143-2","volume":"73","author":"Richey","year":"1977","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1982.tb00839.x","volume":"2","author":"Thaler","year":"1982","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB5","first-page":"294","volume":"80","author":"Thijs","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.56.1.64","volume":"56","author":"Shinozaki","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1982.tb00179.x","volume":"2","author":"Schmid","year":"1982","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1982.tb00834.x","volume":"2","author":"Spichtin","year":"1982","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199102143240705","volume":"324","author":"Phillips","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80388-5","volume":"99","author":"Bernard","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90096-4","volume":"101","author":"Kumar","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1990.tb00739.x","volume":"17","author":"Moermann","year":"1990","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01955929","volume":"150","author":"Brichard","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01318115","volume":"31","author":"Omato","year":"1986","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1050211","volume":"105","author":"Gustaffson","year":"1984","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB16","first-page":"532","volume":"3","author":"DeVos","year":"1983","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.38.11.1281","volume":"38","author":"Shirodaria","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(88)80213-2","volume":"19","author":"Witzleben","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-198909010-00014","volume":"9","author":"Jonas","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1002\/hep.1840160208-BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00954.x","volume":"4","author":"Lefkowich","year":"1984","journal-title":"Liver"}],"container-title":["Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhep.1840160208","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-199208000-00007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T11:03:56Z","timestamp":1733051036000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-199208000-00007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,8]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.1840160208","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9139","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,8]]}}}