{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T06:04:18Z","timestamp":1773900258071,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":3683,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,15]],"date-time":"2005-07-15T20:47:25Z","timestamp":1121460445000},"page":"458-465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Primary biliary cirrhosis is characterized by IgG3 antibodies cross\u2010reactive with the major mitochondrial autoepitope and its Lactobacillus mimic\u2020"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Dimitrios\u2010Petrou","family":"Bogdanos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harold","family":"Baum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Montalto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umesh C.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eirini I.","family":"Rigopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Vlachogiannakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew K.","family":"Burroughs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Vergani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)05419-6","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"350","author":"Neuberger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(03)00104-1","article-title":"Antimitochondrial and other autoantibodies","volume":"7","author":"Bogdanos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"key":"R3-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2321","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.7.2321","article-title":"Autoantibodies of primary biliary cirrhosis recognize dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase and inhibit enzyme function","volume":"141","author":"Van de Water","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R4-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.2.445","article-title":"A lipoyl synthetic octadecapeptide of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase specifically recognized by anti\u2010M2 autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"148","author":"Tuaillon","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R5-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00501-4","article-title":"Microbial mimics are major targets of crossreactivity with human pyruvate dehydrogenase in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"40","author":"Bogdanos","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R6-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.5.1835","article-title":"HLA DRB4 0101\u2010restricted immunodominant T cell autoepitope of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in primary biliary cirrhosis: evidence of molecular mimicry in human autoimmune diseases","volume":"181","author":"Shimoda","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R7-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20010956","article-title":"Identification of HLA\u2010A2\u2010restricted CD8(+) cytotoxic T cell responses in primary biliary cirrhosis: T cell activation is augmented by immune complexes cross\u2010presented by dendritic cells","volume":"195","author":"Kita","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R8-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70375-0","article-title":"Three\u2010dimensional structure of the major autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"115","author":"Howard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R9-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(95)00017-X","article-title":"Mitochondrial antigens, molecular mimicry and autoimmune disease","volume":"1271","author":"Baum","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"R10-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20028","article-title":"Unusual suspects in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"39","author":"Vergani","year":"2004","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R11-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.47.4.586","article-title":"PBC: an infectious disease?","volume":"47","author":"Haydon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R12-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/358377a0","article-title":"Molecular mimicry in liver disease","volume":"358","author":"Burroughs","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R13-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.23902","article-title":"Molecular mimicry and primary biliary cirrhosis: premises not promises","volume":"33","author":"Van de Water","year":"2001","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R14-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0676.2001.021004225.x","article-title":"Molecular mimicry and autoimmune liver disease: virtuous intentions, malign consequences","volume":"21","author":"Bogdanos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"R15-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2004.03.002","article-title":"Disease\u2010specific cross\u2010reactivity between mimicking peptides of heat shock protein of mycobacterium gordonae and dominant epitope of E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase is common in Spanish but not British patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"22","author":"Bogdanos","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"R16-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(94)80117-7","article-title":"Cross\u2010reactivity of anti\u2010Mycobacterium gordonae antibodies with the major mitochondrial autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Vilagut","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R17-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1997.1690724.x","article-title":"Antibodies to mycobacterial 65\u2010kD heat shock protein cross\u2010react with the main mitochondrial antigens in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"27","author":"Vilagut","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R18-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1989.tb05105.x","article-title":"Probiotics in man and animals","volume":"66","author":"Fuller","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Appl Bacteriol"},{"key":"R19-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI4213","article-title":"Identification and precursor frequency analysis of a common T cell epitope motif in mitochondrial autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"102","author":"Shimoda","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"R20-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80225-9","article-title":"M2 mitochondrial antibodies and urinary rough mutant bacteria in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and in patients with recurrent bacteriuria","volume":"17","author":"Butler","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R21-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.36.6.931","article-title":"Natural history of bacteriuria in women with primary biliary cirrhosis and the effect of antimicrobial therapy in symptomatic and asymptomatic groups","volume":"36","author":"Butler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R22-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00252-5","article-title":"Antibodies against homologous microbial caseinolytic proteases P characterise primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"36","author":"Bogdanos","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R23-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(02)00439-3","article-title":"Evaluation of newly developed ELISA using \u201cMESACUP\u20102 test mitochondrial M2\u201d kit for the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"36","author":"Kadokawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"R24-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13575.x","article-title":"BLAST 2 Sequences, a new tool for comparing protein and nucleotide sequences","volume":"174","author":"Tatusova","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"R25-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(93)90304-P","article-title":"How to demonstrate specificity of antibody binding to synthetic peptides?","volume":"161","author":"van 't Hof","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"R26-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1177\/039463200401700112","article-title":"Multiple viral\/self immunological cross\u2010reactivity in liver kidney microsomal antibody positive hepatitis C virus infected patients is associated with the possession of HLA B51","volume":"17","author":"Bogdanos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"R27-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.1996.0055","article-title":"Antibody\u2010defined epitope mapping using the multipin method of peptide synthesis","volume":"9","author":"Rodda","year":"1996","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"R28-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.3.1481","article-title":"Cytochrome P4502D6(193\u2010212): a new immunodominant epitope and target of virus\/self cross\u2010reactivity in liver kidney microsomal autoantibody type 1\u2010positive liver disease","volume":"170","author":"Kerkar","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R29-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.3.1802","article-title":"Mimicry between the hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase and the antigenic targets of nuclear and smooth muscle antibodies in chronic hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"162","author":"Gregorio","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R30-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840180616","article-title":"Lipoylated and unlipoylated domains of human PDC\u2010E2 as autoantigens in primary biliary cirrhosis: significance of lipoate attachment","volume":"18","author":"Quinn","year":"1993","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R31-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1258\/0004563001901542","article-title":"Enzyme inhibitory antibody to pyruvate dehydrogenase: diagnostic utility in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"37","author":"Jois","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"key":"R32-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1998.1907","article-title":"The role of structure in antibody cross\u2010reactivity between peptides and folded proteins","volume":"281","author":"Craig","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"R33-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-002-0009-7","article-title":"The influence of yogurt\/Lactobacillus on the innate and acquired immune response","volume":"22","author":"Borchers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"R34-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601658","article-title":"Interaction of lactic acid bacteria with the gut immune system","volume":"56","author":"Perdigon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R35-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00378-3","article-title":"Strain\u2010dependent induction of cytokine profiles in the gut by orally administered Lactobacillus strains","volume":"18","author":"Maassen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"R36-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.1.171","article-title":"Lactobacilli differentially modulate expression of cytokines and maturation surface markers in murine dendritic cells","volume":"168","author":"Christensen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R37-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60787-7","article-title":"Oral tolerance: mechanisms and therapeutic applications","volume":"73","author":"Faria","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"key":"R38-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.4.861","article-title":"Immunologic effects of yogurt","volume":"71","author":"Meydani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R39-27-20241104","first-page":"137","article-title":"Induction of 2'\u20105' A synthetase activity and interferon in humans by bacteria used in dairy products","volume":"2","author":"Solis Pereyra","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur Cytokine Netw"},{"key":"R40-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/66.2.521S","article-title":"Role of food in the stimulation of cytokine production","volume":"66","author":"Solis\u2010Pereyra","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R41-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN2001527","article-title":"Oral ingestion of lactic\u2010acid bacteria by rats increases lymphocyte proliferation and interferon\u2010gamma production","volume":"87","author":"Aattour","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"R42-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2004.02353.x","article-title":"Role of viability of probiotic strains in their persistence in the gut and in mucosal immune stimulation","volume":"97","author":"Galdeano","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"R43-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/334255a0","article-title":"Regulation of antibody isotype secretion by subsets of antigen\u2010specific helper T cells","volume":"334","author":"Stevens","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R44-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90318-F","article-title":"Towards a comprehensive view of immunoglobulin class switching","volume":"14","author":"Snapper","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"R45-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80324-6","article-title":"The immunoglobulin class switch: beyond \u201caccessibility.\u201d","volume":"6","author":"Snapper","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"R47-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(87)50105-7","article-title":"Immunoglobulin G Fc receptors of human leukocytes","volume":"150","author":"Anderson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"R48-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3468","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.8.3468","article-title":"Evidence for immune selection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) putative envelope glycoprotein variants: potential role in chronic HCV infections","volume":"89","author":"Weiner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R49-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)80033-6","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis: paradigm or paradox for autoimmunity","volume":"100","author":"Gershwin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R50-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50446","article-title":"Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis react against a ubiquitous xenobiotic\u2010metabolizing bacterium","volume":"38","author":"Selmi","year":"2003","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R51-27-20241104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2751","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00220-2","article-title":"Growth phase of orally administered Lactobacillus strains differentially affects IgG1\/IgG2a ratio for soluble antigens: implications for vaccine development","volume":"21","author":"Maassen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vaccine"}],"container-title":["Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhep.20788","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-200508000-00027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T16:03:22Z","timestamp":1730736202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-200508000-00027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.20788","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9139","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]}}}