{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T12:33:28Z","timestamp":1774528408550,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":3471,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>\n                                 <jats:bold>Autoimmune hepatitis is classically a disease of young women. Our aims were to determine its occurrence, clinical phenotype, and outcome in elderly patients and contrast findings to young adults. Two-hundred-and-five white North American adults with definite type 1 autoimmune hepatitis were grouped according to age at presentation and the groups compared. Forty-seven patients (23%) were aged \u226560 years (median age, 68 years), and 31 patients (15%) were aged \u226430 years (median age, 25 years). The patients \u226560 years had a higher frequency of cirrhosis at presentation than the patients \u226430 years (33% versus 10%,<\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>\n                                    P\n                                 <\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>= .03). They also had thyroid or rheumatic diseases more commonly (42% vs. 13%,<\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>\n                                    P\n                                 <\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>= .006). HLA DR3 occurred more frequently in the patients \u226430 years than in those \u226560 years (58% vs. 23%,<\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>\n                                    P\n                                 <\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>= .004), and HLA DR4 occurred more often in the patients \u226560 years (47% vs. 13%,<\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>\n                                    P\n                                 <\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>= .003). Patients aged \u226560 years failed corticosteroid treatment less commonly than those aged \u226430 years (5% vs. 24%,<\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>\n                                    P\n                                 <\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>= .03). Autoimmune hepatitis occurred in patients aged 18-30 years (15%), 31-39 years (15%), 40-49 years (21%), 50-59 years (25%), and \u226560 years (23%). Differences in age distribution, HLA frequencies, and treatment outcome occurred after age \u226540 years.<\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>\n                                    In conclusion\n                                 <\/jats:bold>\n                                 <jats:bold>, elderly patients have a greater frequency of cirrhosis at presentation and HLA DR4 than patients \u226430 years, and they have a lower occurrence of treatment failure. Transitions in clinical and genetic phenotypes occur after age \u226540 years. Genetic susceptibilities may favor etiologic factors that are age-related. (Hepatology 2006;43:532\u2013538.)<\/jats:bold>\n                              <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,22]],"date-time":"2006-02-22T20:47:02Z","timestamp":1140641222000},"page":"532-538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Distinctive clinical phenotype and treatment outcome of type 1 autoimmune hepatitis in the elderly"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Albert J.","family":"Czaja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herschel A.","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-21-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152172","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-11-2-152","article-title":"Adrenal cortical metabolism in chronic liver disease.","volume":"11","author":"Bongiovanni","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"R2-21-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(56)90003-1","article-title":"The problem of chronic liver disease in young women.","volume":"21","author":"Bearn","year":"1956","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"R3-21-20241201","first-page":"13231326","article-title":"Lupoid hepatitis.","volume":"2","author":"Mackay","year":"1956","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R4-21-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94756","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM195811132592001","article-title":"Hepatitis and cirrhosis in women with positive clot tests for lupus erythematosus.","volume":"259","author":"Bartholomew","year":"1958","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-21-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185195","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(61)90090-0","article-title":"Chronic liver disease in young people. 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