{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:44:40Z","timestamp":1791999880325,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":3106,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>The Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) was initially created to predict survival in patients with complications of portal hypertension undergoing elective placement of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts. The MELD which uses only objective variables was validated subsequently as an accurate predictor of survival among different populations of patients with advanced liver disease. The major use of the MELD score has been in allocation of organs for liver transplantation. However, the MELD score has also been shown to predict survival in patients with cirrhosis who have infections, variceal bleeding, as well as in patients with fulminant hepatic failure and alcoholic hepatitis. MELD may be used in selection of patients for surgery other than liver transplantation and in determining optimal treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who are not candidates for liver transplantation. Despite the many advantages of the MELD score, there are approximately 15%-20% of patients whose survival cannot be accurately predicted by the MELD score. It is possible that the addition of variables that are better determinants of liver and renal function may improve the predictive accuracy of the model. Efforts at further refinement and validation of the MELD score will continue. (Hepatology 2007;45:797\u2013805.)<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,26]],"date-time":"2007-02-26T17:41:17Z","timestamp":1172511677000},"page":"797-805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1441,"title":["The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Patrick S.","family":"Kamath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ray W.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1053\/he.2000.5852","article-title":"A model to predict poor survival in patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts.","volume":"31","author":"Malinchoc","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R2-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.22172","article-title":"","volume":"33","author":"Kamath","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R3-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2001.25879","article-title":"MELD and PELD: Application of survival models to liver allocation.","volume":"7","author":"Wiesner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R4-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50016","article-title":"Model for endstage liver disease (MELD) and allocation of donor livers.","volume":"124","author":"Wiesner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R5-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2003.50169","article-title":"Liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis in the Nordic countries: Outcome after acceptance to the waiting list.","volume":"9","author":"Brandsater","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R6-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.02.010","article-title":"Model for endstage liver disease score predicts mortality across a broad spectrum of liver disease.","volume":"40","author":"Said","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R7-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.1.134","article-title":"MELD scoring system is useful for predicting prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis and is correlated with residual liver function: a European study.","volume":"52","author":"Botta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R8-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.11.002","article-title":"MELD: the holy grail of organ allocation?","volume":"42","author":"Freeman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R9-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-947291","article-title":"MELDbased liver allocation: Who is underserved?","volume":"26","author":"Biggins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"R10-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50016","article-title":"Model for EndStage Liver Disease (MELD) and Allocation of Donor Livers.","volume":"124","author":"Wiesner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R11-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.00769.x","article-title":"The survival impact of liver transplantation in the MELD era, and the future for organ allocation and distribution. Comment.","volume":"5","author":"Brown","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R12-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00550.x","article-title":"Predicting survival among patients listed for liver transplantation: an assessment of serial MELD measurements.","volume":"4","author":"Bambha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"R13-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S85","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20961","article-title":"Model for endstage liver disease (MELD) exception guidelines.","volume":"12","author":"Wiesner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R14-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01354.x","article-title":"Liver transplantation with the Meld system: a prospective study from a single European center.","volume":"6","author":"Ravaioli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R15-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20428","article-title":"Liver transplant recipient selection: MELD vs. clinical judgment.","volume":"11","author":"Fink","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R16-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20721","article-title":"MELD and predictionof postliver transplantation survival.","volume":"12","author":"Habib","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R17-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01011.x","article-title":"Shortterm postliver transplant survival after the introduction of MELD scores for organ allocation in the United States.","volume":"25","author":"Yoo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"R18-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-6143.2003.00092.x","article-title":"Pretransplant MELD score as a predictor of outcome after liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis C.","volume":"3","author":"Onaca","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R19-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2003.50120","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma screening in patients waiting for liver transplantation: a decision analytic model.","volume":"9","author":"Saab","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R20-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2004.05.004","article-title":"Impact of pretransplant MELD score on posttransplant outcome in living donor liver transplantation.","volume":"36","author":"Akyildiz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R21-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2005.00091.x","article-title":"Assignment of steatotic livers by the Mayo model for Endstage liver disease.","volume":"18","author":"Briceno","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"R22-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.07.021","article-title":"Should donors and recipients be matched in liver transplantation?","volume":"45","author":"Burra","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R23-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00703.x","article-title":"The survival benefit of liver transplantation.","volume":"5","author":"Merion","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R24-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20679","article-title":"Preoperative characteristics and intraoperative transfusion and vasopressor requirements in patients with low vs. high MELD scores.","volume":"12","author":"Nourmand","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R25-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01490.x","article-title":"Impact of recipient MELD score on resource utilization.","volume":"6","author":"Washburn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"Suppl 11","key":"R26-27-20241201","first-page":"425","article-title":"Economic impact of MELDbased allocation of liver transplants. 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See comment.","volume":"42","author":"Amitrano","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R37-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20687","article-title":"MELD score and clinical type predict prognosis in hepatorenal syndrome: relevance to liver transplantation.","volume":"41","author":"Alessandria","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R38-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2006.01302.x","article-title":"Prognostic factors for patients with cirrhosis and kidney dysfunction in the era of MELD: results of a prospective study.","volume":"26","author":"Schepke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"R39-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50119","article-title":"Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in asymptomatic outpatients with cirrhotic ascites.","volume":"37","author":"Evans","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R40-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20083","article-title":"MELD score as a predictor of pretransplant and posttransplant survival in OPTNUNOS Status 1 patients.","volume":"39","author":"Kremers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R42-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21439","article-title":"Acute Liver Failure study Group. 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The role of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in the management of portal hypertension.","volume":"41","author":"Boyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R51-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20364","article-title":"Randomized controlled study of TIPS versus paracentesis plus albumin in cirrhosis with severe ascites.","volume":"40","author":"Salerno","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R52-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-004-0145-y","article-title":"MELD score as a predictor of early death in patients undergoing elective transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedures.","volume":"28","author":"Montgomery","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology"},{"key":"R53-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(07)61951-4","article-title":"Evaluation of a 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See comment.","volume":"9","author":"Merion","year":"2003","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R70-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20517","article-title":"Serum sodium predicts mortality in patients listed for liver transplantation.","volume":"41","author":"Biggins","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R71-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840400409","article-title":"Persistent ascites and low serum sodium identify patients with cirrhosis and low MELD scores who are at high risk for early death.","volume":"40","author":"Heuman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R72-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.02.010","article-title":"Evidencebased incorporation of serum sodium concentration into MELD.","volume":"130","author":"Biggins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R73-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20329","article-title":"Addition of serum sodium into the MELD score predicts waiting list mortality better than MELD alone.","volume":"11","author":"Ruf","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R74-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840400409","article-title":"Persistent ascites and low serum sodium identify patients with cirrhosis and low MELD scores who are at high risk for early death.","volume":"40","author":"Heuman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"R75-27-20241201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.02.017","article-title":"Hyponatremia impairs early post transplantation outcome in patients with cirrhosis undergoing liver transplantation.","volume":"130","author":"Londono","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhep.21563","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-200703000-00027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T08:16:40Z","timestamp":1733041000000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-200703000-00027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.21563","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9139","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]}}}