{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T10:34:35Z","timestamp":1789554875132,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":1949,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,26]],"date-time":"2010-03-26T19:03:11Z","timestamp":1269630191000},"page":"1487-1490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Clearing the Smoke in Chronic Liver Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Claudia O.","family":"Zein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329336","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1950.02910390001001","article-title":"Tobacco smoking as a possible etiologic factor in brochogenic carcinoma. A study of 684 proved cases.","volume":"143","author":"Wynder","year":"1950","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"R2-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323334","DOI":"10.1177\/000331975200300407","article-title":"Tobacco smoking as an etiologic factor in disease. 2. Coronary disease and hypertension.","volume":"3","author":"Dolgoff","year":"1952","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"R3-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417424","DOI":"10.1016\/1047-2797(93)90070-K","article-title":"The health risks of smoking. The Framingham study: 34 years of follow up.","volume":"3","author":"Freund","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"R6-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13941396","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21484","article-title":"Time to ban smoking in patients with chronic liver diseases.","volume":"44","author":"Bataller","year":"2006","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R7-4-20250312","first-page":"60986101","article-title":"Heavy smoking and the liver.","volume":"12","author":"ElZayadi","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R8-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657664","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01719277","article-title":"The effect of drinking coffee and smoking cigarettes on the risk of cirrhosis associated with alcohol consumption. A casecontrol study. Provincial Group for the Study of Chronic Liver Disease.","volume":"10","author":"Corrao","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R9-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12481257","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116433","article-title":"Alcohol, smoking, coffee and cirrhosis.","volume":"136","author":"Klatsky","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R10-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.10.005","article-title":"Alcohol, tobacco and obesity are synergistic risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma.","volume":"42","author":"Marrero","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R11-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138148","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.09.014","article-title":"Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and associated risk factors in hepatitis Crelated advanced liver disease.","volume":"136","author":"Lok","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R12-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752759","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520902803515","article-title":"Smoking is associated with steatosis and severe fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C but not B.","volume":"44","author":"Tsochatzis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R13-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.03.019","article-title":"Relationship between smoking and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.","volume":"4","author":"Dev","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"R14-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126129","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.1.126","article-title":"Impact of smoking of histological liver lesions in chronic hepatitis C.","volume":"52","author":"Hezode","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R15-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121125","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.25385","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and hepatic lesions in patients with chronic hepatitis C.","volume":"34","author":"Pessione","year":"2001","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R16-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10391047","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009060","article-title":"Prospective study of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis in asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B virus carriers.","volume":"145","author":"Yu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R17-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15641571","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21423","article-title":"Cigarette smoking is associated with increased severity of hepatic fibrosis in primary biliary cirrhosis.","volume":"44","author":"Zein","year":"2006","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R18-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13871395","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20466","article-title":"Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: impact of ethnicity.","volume":"40","author":"Browning","year":"2004","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R19-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14131419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70506-8","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity.","volume":"116","author":"Matteoni","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R20-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113121","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.04.014","article-title":"The natural history of NAFLD: a populationbased cohort study.","volume":"129","author":"Adams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R21-4-20250312","first-page":"13491355","article-title":"Liver pathology in morbidly obese patients with and without diabetes.","volume":"85","author":"Silverman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R22-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13561362","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300604","article-title":"Independent predictors of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.","volume":"30","author":"Angulo","year":"1999","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R23-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327332","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00680.x","article-title":"Smoking induces insulin resistancea potential link with the insulin resistance syndrome.","volume":"233","author":"Attvall","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"R24-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540546","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.3.540","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus: evidence of a positive association from a large prospective cohort study.","volume":"30","author":"Will","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R25-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.03.026","article-title":"Second hand smoke stimulates lipid accumulation in the liver by modulating AMPK and SREBP1.","volume":"51","author":"Yuan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"R26-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1564E1571","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00442.2007","article-title":"Detrimental metabolic effects of combining long term cigarette smoke exposure and high fat diet in mice.","volume":"293","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R27-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G871G877","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00145.2007","article-title":"Chronic intermittent hypoxia causes hepatitis in a mouse model of dietinduced fatty liver.","volume":"293","author":"Savransky","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"R28-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.01.003","article-title":"Ethanol and tobacco smoke increase hepatic steatosis and hypoxia in the hypercholesterolemic apoE() mouse: implications for a multihit hypothesis of fatty liver disease.","volume":"46","author":"Bailey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"R29-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G582G592","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.90368.2008","article-title":"Reduced liver fibrosis in hypoxia inducible factor1 alphadeficient mice.","volume":"296","author":"Moon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"R30-4-20250312","first-page":"613","article-title":"Smoking, oxidative stress and inflammation: impact on resting energy expenditure in diabetic nephropathy.","volume":"22","author":"Agarwal","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"R31-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11831192","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.23256","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities.","volume":"120","author":"Sanyal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R32-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959964","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2002.460806.x","article-title":"Immune response in asymptomatic smokers.","volume":"46","author":"Zeidel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"R33-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23516","article-title":"Cigarette smoking etacerbates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese rats.","volume":"51","author":"Azzalini","year":"2010","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R34-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983991","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21338","article-title":"Leptinmediated neovascularization is a prerequisite for progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats.","volume":"44","author":"Kitade","year":"2006","journal-title":"HEPATOLOGY"},{"key":"R35-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00907-7","article-title":"Hepatocyte apoptosis and Fas expression are prominent features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.","volume":"125","author":"Feldstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R36-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233244","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-6-233","article-title":"Overweight, physical activity, tobacco and alcohol consumption in a crosssectional random sample of German adults.","volume":"6","author":"Haenle","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"R37-4-20250312","first-page":"51965200","article-title":"Smoking is not associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.","volume":"12","author":"ChavezTapia","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R38-4-20250312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10601066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.06.008","article-title":"Effect of changes on body weight and lifestyle in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.","volume":"43","author":"Suzuki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhep.23694","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-201005000-00004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T11:13:08Z","timestamp":1741777988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-201005000-00004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.23694","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9139"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9139","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}}}