{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T03:33:47Z","timestamp":1790566427389,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":203,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003056","name":"Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013.0451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013.0451"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"A.I.R.C. (Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["10257"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10257"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"A.I.S.F. (Associazione Italiana per lo Studio del Fegato)","award":["Fellowship Mario Coppo 2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Fellowship Mario Coppo 2014"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007387","name":"Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Pistoia e Pescia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Bando 2011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Bando 2011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007387","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Fondazione Istituto di Ricerche Virologiche Oretta Bartolomei Corsi","award":["Bando 2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Bando 2010"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004710","name":"Fondazione Umberto Veronesi","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Fellowship Grant 2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Fellowship Grant 2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"I.T.T. (Istituto Toscano Tumori)","award":["Grant 2007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant 2007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Limited data are available about the efficacy of antiviral treatment in hepatitis C virus (HCV)\u2013associated mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC), especially concerning the long\u2010term effects of HCV eradication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of MC on the virological response and the long\u2010term effects of viral eradication on MC. We prospectively enrolled 424 HCV\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    patients belonging to the following groups: MC syndrome (MCS)\u2010HCV (121 patients with symptomatic MC), MC\u2010HCV (132 patients with asymptomatic MC), and HCV (158 patients without MC). Pegylated interferon plus ribavirin treatment was administered according to standard protocols. Posttreatment follow\u2010up ranged from 35 to 124 months (mean 92.5 months). A significant difference was observed in the rate of sustained virological response between the HCV group and both the MC\u2010HCV (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.009) and MC\u2010HCV+MCS\u2010HCV (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.014) groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified cryoglobulinemia as an independent prognostic factor of nonresponse. The clinical\u2013immunological response in MCS\u2010HCV correlated with the virological one. All patients with sustained virological response also experienced a sustained clinical response, either complete or partial. In the majority of sustained virological response patients all MCS symptoms persistently disappeared (36 patients, 57%); in only two (3%) did definite MCS persist. All virological nonresponders were also clinical nonresponders, in spite of a transient improvement in some cases. No evolution to lymphoma was observed. For the first time we have evaluated both the effects of interferon\u2010based therapy on HCV patients with and without MC and with and without symptoms, as well as the long\u2010term effects of viral eradication on MC.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    : MC is a negative prognostic factor of virological response. Clearance of HCV led to persistent resolution or improvement of MCS, strongly suggesting the need for a next generation of highly effective antiviral drugs. (H\n                    <jats:sc>epatology<\/jats:sc>\n                    2015;61:1145\u20101153)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,27]],"date-time":"2014-11-27T04:56:05Z","timestamp":1417064165000},"page":"1145-1153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Long\u2010term effect of HCV eradication in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia: A prospective, controlled, open\u2010label, cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Gragnani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Fognani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Piluso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Boldrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Urraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Fabbrizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Stasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Ranieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Monti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Arena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Iannacone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SPARC Consulting,Milan,Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Laffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Linda","family":"Zignego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses (MaSVE), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine,University of Florence,Florence,Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the MaSVE Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"hep27623-bib-0001-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/33.3.301","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus and mixed cryoglobulinaemia [letter; comment]","volume":"33","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"hep27623-bib-0002-20241017","first-page":"S33","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus as a 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