{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T22:38:20Z","timestamp":1790462300798,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,27]],"date-time":"2015-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1440633600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["30170852"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30170852"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Research Fund for the Doctor Program of Higher Education of china","award":["20050533025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20050533025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatic copper determination is an important test for the diagnosis of Wilson's disease (WD). However, the method has not been standardized, the diagnostic accuracy has not been evaluated prospectively, and the optimal cut\u2010off value remains controversial. Accordingly, we aimed to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of hepatic copper content, as determined using the entire core of a liver biopsy sample. Patients for whom a liver biopsy was indicated were consecutively enrolled. Hepatic copper content was determined with atomic absorption spectroscopy. All assays were performed using careful quality control by a single technician. WD diagnosis was based on WD score or its combination with clinical follow\u2010up results. A total of 3,350 consecutive patients underwent liver biopsy. Six hundred ninety\u2010one patients, including 178 with WD, underwent two passes of liver biopsy with hepatic copper determination. Mean hepatic content in WD patients was 770.6\u2009\u00b1\u2009393.2 \u03bcg\/g dry weight (wt). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of hepatic copper content for WD diagnosis in the absence of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) or primary sclerosing cholangitis at the cut\u2010off value of 250 \u03bcg\/g dry wt. were 94.4%, 96.8%, 91.8%, and 97.8%, respectively. The most useful cut\u2010off value was 209 \u03bcg\/g dry wt, with a sensitivity and specificity of 99.4% and 96.1%, respectively. A total of 23.3% of patients without WD and PBC had hepatic copper content &gt;75 \u03bcg\/g dry wt. <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> A liver biopsy sample of more than 1 mg dry wt may reliably reflect hepatic copper content and should be used for hepatic copper determination. Hepatic copper determination is a very valid procedure for the diagnosis of WD, and the most useful cut\u2010off value is 209 \u03bcg\/g dry wt.(H<jats:sc>epatology<\/jats:sc> 2015;62:1731\u20131741)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T14:52:13Z","timestamp":1434725533000},"page":"1731-1741","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Prospective evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of hepatic copper content, as determined using the entire core of a liver biopsy sample"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010peng","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010hong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai\u2010zhong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010fang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010yu","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010hua","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010long","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming\u2010ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han\u2010chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry,School of Life Sciences, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi\u2010lin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory of Spectral and Chemical Analysis Center of Modern Analysis and Testing,Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010ying","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha,China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"hep27932-bib-0001-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/71.4.410","article-title":"The 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