{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:43:17Z","timestamp":1786977797742,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The safety of nonselective \u03b2\u2010blockers (NSBBs) in advanced cirrhosis has been questioned. We used data from three satavaptan trials to examine whether NSBBs increase mortality in cirrhosis patients with ascites. The trials were conducted in 2006\u20102008 and included 1198 cirrhosis patients with ascites followed for 1 year. We used Cox regression to compare all\u2010cause mortality and cirrhosis\u2010related mortality between patients who did and those who did not use NSBBs at randomization, controlling for age, gender, Model for End\u2010Stage Liver Disease score, Child\u2010Pugh score, serum sodium, previous variceal bleeding, cirrhosis etiology, and ascites severity. Moreover, we identified clinical events predicting that a patient would stop NSBB treatment. At randomization, the 559 NSBB users were more likely than the 629 nonusers to have a history of variceal bleeding but less likely to have Child\u2010Pugh class C cirrhosis, hyponatremia, or refractory ascites. The 52\u2010week cumulative all\u2010cause mortality was similar in the NSBB user and nonuser groups (23.2% versus 25.3%, adjusted hazard ratio = 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.72\u20101.18), and NSBBs also did not increase mortality in the subgroup of patients with refractory ascites (588 patients, adjusted hazard ratio = 1.02, 95% confidence interval 0.74\u20101.40) or in any other subgroup. Similarly, NSBBs did not increase cirrhosis\u2010related mortality (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.76\u20101.31). During follow\u2010up, 29% of initial NSBB users stopped taking NSBBs, and the decision to stop NSBB treatment marked a sharp rise in mortality and coincided with hospitalization, variceal bleeding, bacterial infection, and\/or development of hepatorenal syndrome.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n                    This large and detailed data set on worldwide nonprotocol use of NSBBs in cirrhosis patients with ascites shows that NSBBs did not increase mortality; the decision to stop NSBB treatment in relation to stressful events may have added to the safety. (H\n                    <jats:sc>epatology<\/jats:sc>\n                    2016;63:1968\u20101976)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]],"date-time":"2015-11-24T04:38:46Z","timestamp":1448339926000},"page":"1968-1976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Nonselective \u03b2\u2010blockers do not affect mortality in cirrhosis patients with ascites: Post Hoc analysis of three randomized controlled trials with 1198 patients"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Lars","family":"Bossen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology,Aarhus University Hospital,Aarhus,Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology,Aarhus University 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