{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:17:23Z","timestamp":1787501843472,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]],"date-time":"2017-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493337600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]],"date-time":"2017-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Incidence and prevalence of inflammatory liver diseases has increased over the last years, but therapeutic options are limited. Pregnancy induces a state of immune tolerance, which can result in spontaneous improvement of clinical symptoms of certain autoimmune diseases including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). We investigated the immune\u2010suppressive mechanisms of the human pregnancy hormone, chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), in the liver. hCG signaling activates silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), which deacetylates forkhead box o3 (FOXO3a), leading to repression of proapoptotic gene expression, because the immunosuppressive consequence attributed to the absence of caspase\u20103 activity of hepatocellular interleukin 16 (IL\u201016) is no longer processed and released. Thus, serum levels of IL\u201016, a key chemotactic factor for CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    lymphocytes, were reduced and migration to injured hepatocytes prevented. Furthermore, elevated IL\u201016 levels are found in the sera from patients with AIH, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    : Here, we report that hCG regulates the SIRT1\/FOXO3a axis in hepatocytes, resulting in immune suppression by attenuating caspase\u20103\u2013dependent IL\u201016 processing and release, which concomitantly prevents autoaggressive T\u2010cell infiltration of the liver. Considering the low toxicity profile of hCG in humans, interrupting the inflammatory cycle by hCG opens new perspectives for therapeutic intervention of inflammatory liver diseases. (H\n                    <jats:sc>epatology<\/jats:sc>\n                    2017;65:2074\u20102089).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,21]],"date-time":"2017-01-21T04:34:34Z","timestamp":1484973274000},"page":"2074-2089","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Activation of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 by human chorionic gonadotropin exerts a therapeutic effect on hepatic injury and inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Steinmetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"I. Department of Internal Medicine,Johannes Gutenberg University,Mainz,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anubha","family":"Kashyap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. Department of Internal Medicine,Johannes Gutenberg University,Mainz,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nataliya","family":"Zhivkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. Department of Internal Medicine,Johannes Gutenberg University,Mainz,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Alizor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. Department of Internal Medicine,Johannes Gutenberg University,Mainz,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabell","family":"Ernst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. Department of Internal Medicine,Johannes Gutenberg University,Mainz,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Gottfried\u2010Brand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. Department of Internal Medicine,Johannes Gutenberg University,Mainz,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. Department of Internal Medicine,Johannes Gutenberg University,Mainz,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Teufel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. Department of Internal Medicine,Johannes Gutenberg University,Mainz,Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Schulze\u2010Bergkamen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I. 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