{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T22:00:26Z","timestamp":1790719226479,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is the most severe form of alcoholic liver disease. Most studies have focused on short\u2010term prognosis, whereas factors associated with long\u2010term survival are largely unknown. The aims of our study were to (1) determine the impact of complete abstinence from alcohol on long\u2010term survival and (2) identify prognostic factors at admission capable of predicting abstinence during long\u2010term follow\u2010up in patients with AH. One hundred forty\u2010two patients with biopsy\u2010proven AH that survived the first episode were included. Demographic, psychiatric, and biochemical variables at admission and drinking status during follow\u2010up were obtained. Cox regression, logistic regression, and classification and regression trees (CART) analyses were used for statistical analysis. Overall mortality was 38% with a median follow\u2010up of 55 months. During follow\u2010up, complete abstinence was reported in 39% and was associated with better long\u2010term survival (hazard ratio, 0.53;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.03). After adjustment for baseline prognostic scoring systems (Model for End\u2010Stage Liver Disease and age, bilirubin, international normalized ratio, creatinine scores), complete abstinence was independently associated with survival (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05). Age and lack of past alcoholism treatments were independently associated with complete abstinence (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001 and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.02, respectively) during follow\u2010up. CART analysis generated a simple and practical algorithm based on the combination of past alcoholism treatments and age. Using CART analysis, we stratified 2 subgroups of patients with high (65%) and low (26%\u201029%) rates of complete abstinence after an episode of AH.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Complete abstinence after an episode of AH positively impacts long\u2010term survival. The combination of 2 variables easily obtained at admission might be useful to predict long\u2010term abstinence after an episode of AH. Strategies aimed at promoting alcohol abstinence in these patients are necessary. (H\n                    <jats:sc>epatology<\/jats:sc>\n                    2017;66:1842\u20131853)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]],"date-time":"2017-06-24T00:23:07Z","timestamp":1498263787000},"page":"1842-1853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":154,"title":["Alcohol abstinence in patients surviving an episode of alcoholic hepatitis: Prediction and impact on long\u2010term survival"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Altamirano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS),Barcelona,Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Pelayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grup Recerca Addiccions Clinic (GRAC\u2010GRE) Psychiatry Department, Neurosciences Institute,Hospital Cl\u00ednic of Barcelona, Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA),Barcelona,Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Michelena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS),Barcelona,Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia D.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,University of Miami Miller School of Medicine,Miami,FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lluisa","family":"Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grup Recerca Addiccions Clinic (GRAC\u2010GRE) Psychiatry Department, Neurosciences Institute,Hospital Cl\u00ednic of Barcelona, Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA),Barcelona,Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pere","family":"Gin\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS),Barcelona,Spain"},{"name":"Liver Unit, CIBER de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituci\u00f3 Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\u00e7ats (ICREA),Universitat de Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Caballer\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS),Barcelona,Spain"},{"name":"Liver Unit, CIBER de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituci\u00f3 Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan\u00e7ats (ICREA),Universitat de Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Gual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grup Recerca Addiccions Clinic (GRAC\u2010GRE) Psychiatry Department, Neurosciences Institute,Hospital Cl\u00ednic of Barcelona, Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA),Barcelona,Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1718-2985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Bataller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,NC"},{"name":"Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,University of Pittsburgh Liver Center,Pittsburgh,PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Lligo\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grup Recerca Addiccions Clinic (GRAC\u2010GRE) Psychiatry Department, Neurosciences Institute,Hospital Cl\u00ednic of Barcelona, Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA),Barcelona,Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"hep29338-bib-0001-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.09.002","article-title":"Alcoholic liver disease: pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets","volume":"141","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0002-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.09.011","article-title":"Acute kidney injury is an early predictor of mortality for patients with alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"10","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0003-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12786","article-title":"The use of beta\u2010blockers is associated with the occurrence of acute kidney injury in severe alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"35","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0004-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.01.018","article-title":"A histologic scoring system for prognosis of patients with alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"146","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0005-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-110-9-685","article-title":"Methylprednisolone therapy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. A randomized multicenter trial","volume":"110","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0006-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20503","article-title":"MELD accurately predicts mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"41","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0007-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.050781","article-title":"Analysis of factors predictive of mortality in alcoholic hepatitis and derivation and validation of the Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score","volume":"54","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0008-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.02104.x","article-title":"A new scoring system for prognostic stratification of patients with alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"103","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0009-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21607","article-title":"The Lille model: a new tool for therapeutic strategy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with steroids","volume":"45","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0010-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8964410","article-title":"Survival and prognostic factors in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with prednisolone","volume":"110","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0011-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.224097","article-title":"Corticosteroids improve short\u2010term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis: meta\u2010analysis of individual patient data","volume":"60","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0012-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.276300","article-title":"Prednisolone with vs without pentoxifylline and survival of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"310","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0013-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.10.010","article-title":"Early switch to pentoxifylline in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis is inefficient in non\u2010responders to corticosteroids","volume":"48","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0014-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20206","article-title":"A double\u2010blind randomized controlled trial of infliximab associated with prednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"39","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0015-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.08.057","article-title":"A randomized, double\u2010blinded, placebo\u2010controlled multicenter trial of etanercept in the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"135","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0016-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(82)80257-6","article-title":"Double\u2010blind, controlled trial of propylthiouracil in patients with severe acute alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"82","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0017-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105703","article-title":"Early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"365","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0018-20241017","first-page":"841","article-title":"Early liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis in the United States\u2014a single\u2010center experience","volume":"16","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0019-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1412278","article-title":"Prednisolone or pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"372","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0020-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12427","article-title":"Determinants of long\u2010term outcome in severe alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"38","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0021-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32835d83d9","article-title":"Recurrent severe alcoholic hepatitis: clinical characteristics and outcomes","volume":"25","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0022-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.204","article-title":"Recurrent alcoholic cirrhosis in severe alcoholic relapse after liver transplantation: a frequent and serious complication","volume":"110","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0023-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.247","article-title":"Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease","volume":"11","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0024-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27779","article-title":"Systemic inflammatory response and serum lipopolysaccharide levels predict multiple organ failure and death in alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"62","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0025-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.11.1183","article-title":"A simple score for predicting alcohol relapse after liver transplantation: results from 387 patients over 15 years","volume":"167","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0026-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31026-9","article-title":"Predictive factors of abstinence in patients undergoing liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease","volume":"11","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0027-20241017","first-page":"155","article-title":"[Clinical guideline for the evaluation of liver transplant candidates with addictions]. [Article in Spanish]","volume":"32","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0028-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12023","article-title":"Gender differences in the long\u2010term outcome of alcohol dependence treatments: an analysis of twenty\u2010year prospective follow up","volume":"32","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0029-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.04.029","article-title":"Treatment of alcohol use disorders in patients with alcoholic liver disease","volume":"65","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0030-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2009.00956.x","article-title":"Understanding and treating patients with alcoholic cirrhosis: an update","volume":"33","year":"2009","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0031-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agu096","article-title":"Assessing and treating alcohol relapse risk in liver transplantation candidates","volume":"50","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0032-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.07.047","article-title":"Efficacy of psychosocial interventions in inducing and maintaining alcohol abstinence in patients with chronic liver disease: a systematic review","volume":"14","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0033-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agu028","article-title":"Utilization of baclofen in maintenance of alcohol abstinence in patients with alcohol dependence and alcoholic hepatitis with or without cirrhosis","volume":"49","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0034-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200211000-00013","article-title":"Alcoholism treatment adherence: older age predicts better adherence and drinking outcomes","volume":"10","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0035-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.8.963","article-title":"Ondansetron for reduction of drinking among biologically predisposed alcoholic patients: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"284","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0036-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000075547.77464.76","article-title":"Effects of ondansetron in early\u2010 versus late\u2010onset alcoholics: a prospective, open\u2010label study","volume":"27","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0037-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.1370040602","article-title":"Etiologic heterogeneity in alcoholism","volume":"4","year":"1987","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0038-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1984.45.510","article-title":"Severe alcoholism in the mental health sector: II. Effects of service utilization on readmission","volume":"45","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0039-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2000.61.345","article-title":"The relationship of self\u2010efficacy expectancies to relapse among alcohol dependent men and women: a prospective study","volume":"61","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0040-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2011.07.032","article-title":"The role of self\u2010efficacy in the treatment of substance use disorders","volume":"36","year":"2011","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0041-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14660","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i40.14660","article-title":"Alcoholism: a systemic proinflammatory condition","volume":"20","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"hep29338-bib-0042-20241017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1159\/000324849","article-title":"Association of inflammation genes with alcohol dependence\/abuse: a systematic review and a meta\u2010analysis","volume":"17","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Addict Res"}],"container-title":["Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhep.29338","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-201712000-00020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T20:20:08Z","timestamp":1729196408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/01515467-201712000-00020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.29338","relation":{},"ISSN":["0270-9139","1527-3350"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0270-9139","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-3350","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-11-08","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-06-21","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}